Merle Chihuahuas are adorned for their unique appearance. Some of them have a long coat, whereas others have a smooth coat. All merle Chihuahuas, however, feature a colorful merle coat that distinguishes them from other Chihuahuas, but that’s just the tip of the iceberg regarding their characteristics. What is a merle Chihuahua exactly, and how do they differ from other, non-merle Chihuahuas?

What Is a Merle Chihuahua?

A merle Chihuahua is a Chihuahua with a coat pattern consisting of irregular patches of one or more dark colors on a light-colored base. Known as a merle or dapple pattern, it’s the result of genetics. Chihuahuas, as well as other select breeds (see below), can be born with the merle gene. Chihuahuas born with this genetic abnormality have a merle coat.

Overview of the Merle Gene

Somewhere in the canine kingdom many centuries ago, a mutation occurred that paved the way for the merle pattern. Merle allele (M) is the gene that’s responsible for the merle pattern in Chihuahuas and other breeds. It’s a mutation of the non-merle allele (m) gene. 

Alleles are different versions of a given gene. Some genes come in different forms. There’s the merle allele and the non-merle allele, for instance, the former of which is responsible for the merle pattern.

The merle allele is an incompletely dominant gene, whereas the non-merle allele is a recessive gene. As an incompletely dominant gene, the merle allele doesn’t override its recessive counterpart entirely. Both genes will be partially expressed when paired together, with the merle gene being the most predominant.

Like humans, Chihuahuas are born with pairs of genes. They inherit one gene from each parent. All merle Chihuahuas have the Mm genotype. They inherit the merle gene from one parent and the recessive allele from the other parent, resulting in the Mm genotype (except in the case of double merles as explained below).

While working in Dr. Keith Murphy’s Canine Genetics Laboratory at the flagship university in 2006, a team of geneticists and students discovered the merle gene. They found that merle Shelties — the breed studied during the project — had extra DNA tacked onto their PMEL17 or “SILV” gene.

The PMEL17 gene affects pigmentation. When researching merle Shelties, the team identified a SINE insertion involving extra DNA within this pigment-defining gene. The merle Shelties, in other words, had a genetic mutation consisting of the merle gene. Merle Chihuahuas and other merle dogs exhibit this same genetic mutation.

The Breeding of Merle and Non-Merle Chihuahuas

The presence of the merle gene in a sire or dam will determine whether their offspring will be merles. Chihuahua puppies can only be born with the merle gene if at least one of their parents has the merle gene.

• Non-merle x non-merle parents = the entire litter will consist of non-merle Chihuahua puppies.
• Merle x non-merle parents = half of the litter on average will be merles and half will be non-merles.
• Merle x merle parents = half of the litter on average will be merles, one-quarter will be non-merles and one-quarter will be double merles.

The merle gene can’t be “carried” by skipping a generation, only to appear in a later generation of puppies. Chihuahuas are either born with it or without it.

The merle gene affects the distribution of pigment within the Chihuahua’s coat. The color or colors of a Chihuahua’s coat is governed by two pigments: eumelanin and phaeomelanin. Eumelanin governs black in a Chihuahua’s coat, and phaeomelanin governs red in a Chihuahua’s coat. Even with just these two pigments, Chihuahuas can have a wide variety of coat colors.

The merle gene specifically affects the distribution of eumelanin, which controls the black color in a Chihuahua’s coat. It essentially dilutes areas of the coat that are pigmented with eumelanin, resulting in irregular patches of dark-colored fur on a light-colored base.

Merle Chihuahuas can further be classified as blue or red depending on the particular shade of their dark-colored fur. Blue merles — the most common type — have patches of black fur. Red merles, in comparison, have patches of brown or copper-colored fur. They are genetically different, but they both have the merle gene.

The Chihuahua isn’t the only breed that can be born with the merle gene. Other breeds include:

• American Bully
• American Pit Bull Terrier
• American Shepherd
• Australian Cattle Dog
• Australian Shepherd
• Beauceron
• Border Collie
• Cardigan Welsh Corgi
• Catahoula Leopard Dog
• Chinese Crested
• Collie (rough and smooth)
• Dachshund (long-haired and wire-haired)
• Dalmatian
• Finnish Lapphund
• Great Dane
• Harlequin Pinscher
• Norwegian Elkhound
• Pomeranian
• Pyrenean Shepherd
• Rat Terrier
• Schipperke
• Shetland Sheepdog
• Shih Tzu
• Silken Windhound
• Whippet

How Do Merle Chihuahuas Differ From Other Chihuahuas?

Merle Chihuahuas are easily distinguished from other Chihuahuas by their coat. They feature a unique coat pattern consisting of irregular patches or blotches of dark-colored fur, such as black or brown, on a light-colored base. Aside from their coat pattern, though, merle Chihuahuas differ from non-merles in other ways.

The merle gene can affect the color of a Chihuahua’s eyes and skin. Merle Chihuahuas are more likely to have blue eyes than non-merles. Blue eyes, of course, are common in all newborn Chihuahuas. Non-merle Chihuahuas are often born with blue eyes as well, but their eyes will begin to change to a different, permanent color within the next two to four months. Merle Chihuahuas are often born with blue eyes that don’t change color.

Some merle Chihuahuas have two blue eyes, but others only have a single blue eye. Regardless, blue eyes are a common feature of merle Chihuahuas.

Merle Chihuahuas also commonly have pink mottling on their paw pads and nose. The merle gene affects the distribution of eumelanin throughout the coat, skin and eyes, resulting in these nuances in appearance.

There are certain health problems that are more common in merle Chihuahuas, such as hearing loss. One study found that 4.6% of merle dogs were deaf, with double merles having an even greater rate of deafness. Blindness is another health problem to which merle Chihuahuas are susceptible. Merle Chihuahuas are more likely to suffer from congenital eye defects that impair their vision than non-merles.

What Is a Double Merle Chihuahua?

A double merle Chihuahua is a Chihuahua with the MM genotype. Standard merle Chihuahuas have the Mm genotype in which they inherit the merle gene from one parent and the non-merle allele from the other parent. Double merles inherit a copy of the merle gene from each parent, resulting in the MM genotype.

Double merle Chihuahuas don’t have the same characteristic coat pattern as standard merles. They typically feature smaller and fewer patches of dark-colored fur, and they feature a lighter base color than that of standard merles.

Each copy of the merle gene dilutes the eumelanin in the Chihuahua’s coat. Standard merle Chihuahuas only have a single copy of the gene, but double merles have two copies. With two copies of the merle gene, double merle Chihuahuas have lighter coats. Some double merle Chihuahuas are nearly entirely white except for a few small patches of dark-colored fur.

Double merle Chihuahuas have an even greater risk of health problems than standard merles. The aforementioned study, for example, found that 10% of double merle dogs were unilaterally deaf and 15% were bilaterally deaf.

Common health problems in merle Chihuahuas include:

• Deafness
• Microphthalmia (abnormally small eyes)
• Blindness

• Canine follicular dysplasia (hair loss)

•  Skin cancer

Because of the health problems with which they are associated, breeding double merles is considered unethical. It’s a universally condemned practice — and for good reason. Breeders who intentionally breed double merles expose their puppies to many severe health problems, which can be passed down to future generations. Standard merles have a slightly higher risk of health problems than non-merles, but the risk is substantially higher with double merles.

What Is a Cryptic Merle Chihuahua?

In addition to double merles, there are cryptic merle Chihuahuas. Also known as phantom merles, they have the merle gene but exhibit little or no merle pattern in their coat. Many owners assume they have a non-merle Chihuahua when they actually have a cryptic merle.

Cryptic merle Chihuahuas possess other genetic modifiers that mask the coat-lightening effects of the merle gene. They may have two copies of the recessive red allele, for instance. Chihuahuas with this genotype won’t produce any black fur. The recessive red alleles restrict their coat color to red and shades thereof.

 The merle gene only affects areas of the coat that are pigmented with eumelanin. Chihuahuas with two recessive red alleles have phaeomelanin-pigmented coats; they don’t have eumelanin in their coats, so the merle gene doesn’t show up in their coats. Cryptic merle Chihuahuas still have the merle gene, and they may pink blue eyes and pink mottling on their paw pads and nose, but they don’t have the same coat pattern as standard merles.

Are Merle Chihuahuas Allowed to Compete in the Show Ring?

It’s a common misconception that merle Chihuahuas are prohibited from competing in the show ring. Many canine organizations do, in fact, view the merle gene as a fault. They prohibit owners from registering and competing their merle Chihuahuas in the show ring.

In 2007, The Kennel Club (TKC) banned the registration of merle Chihuahuas. Just a few years later, it banned the registration of all Chihuahuas that are the offspring of a merle sire or dam. Even if a Chihuahua doesn’t have a merle coat, it can’t be registered with the United Kingdom’s official canine organization if one or both of his parents are merles. Other non-U.S. canine organizations have implemented their own bans, but the American Kennel Club (AKC) allows merle Chihuahuas to compete in the show ring.

The Chihuahua Club of America (CCA), the AKC’s official parent club of the Chihuahua, voted against the TKC’s disqualification of merle Chihuahuas. The AKC has since added merle as one of the breed’s standard markings. Therefore, you can register your merle Chihuahua with the AKC, and you can compete him in the show ring. The registration requirements for merle Chihuahuas, however, are more stringent than those for non-merles.

DNA Testing Kits for Merle Chihuahuas

Think your Chihuahua might have the merle gene? You may want to order a DNA testing kit. You can’t rely on appearance alone to determine if your Chihuahua has the merle gene. There are cryptic merle Chihuahuas that look like non-merles. With a DNA testing kit, you can check your Chihuahua’s genotype to determine whether he’s a merle.

Many breeders use DNA testing kits to ensure that they don’t accidentally breed double merles. Breeding a merle sire to a merle dam may result in double merles in the litter. Rather than relying strictly on the appearance of the sire’s and dam’s coats, breeders can use a DNA testing kit. The DNA testing kit will reveal the exact genotype, such as mm, Mm or MM. If the merle gene is present in both the merle and dam, they shouldn’t be bred.

Even if you have no intentions of breeding your Chihuahua, you may still want to use a DNA testing kit. It will provide you with insight into your canine companion’s genetic makeup. You just need to swab your Chihuahua’s mouth for a DNA sample, after which you can mail it to a laboratory for analysis. The company from which you purchased the kit will provide you with a detailed report about your Chihuahua’s genotype.

Here are some of the top DNA testing kits for merles:

• Embark
• University of California, Davis
• Paw Print Genetics

In Conclusion

Merle is a genetic pattern found in dozens of dog breeds, one of which is the Chihuahua. It’s characterized by a mottled coat with patches of dark-colored fur on a light-colored base. The merle gene affects the distribution of pigments and can result in a wide range of beautiful coat patterns, including the blue merle patter and the red merle pattern. While merle is not exclusive to Chihuahuas, it adds a distinctive charm to this already captivating breed.

References: 

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1360527/

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7349775/

https://www.akcchf.org/research/impact-stories/gene-for-merle-color-pattern.html

Do you own a Merle Chihuahua? We’d love to hear what you think about these beautiful small dogs in the comments section below!

As with any breed, a Chihuahua’s lifespan varies depending on a number of different factors (see below for a complete list). Some of these factors are controllable, whereas others are outside of owners’ control. Owners should familiarize themselves with these factors so they give their Chihuahua the longest, fullest life possible.

There’s no fool-proof method for predicting exactly how long they can live, but current data suggests that Chihuahuas live an average of 15 to 20 years when properly cared for by a loving owner.

Small breeds like the Chihuahua and Yorkshire Terrier live longer than medium-to-large breeds like the Labrador Retriever and Mastiff. Medium-to-large breeds have an average life expectancy of 10 to 13 years.

Does this mean all Chihuahuas live between 15 and 20 years? Not necessarily, but this is a good rule of thumb to follow.

Factors That Impact a Chihuahua’s Lifespan:

• Diet – a Chihuahua’s diet will directly impact their lifespan. Owners should feed their furry four-legged friends a nutritious, well-balanced premium dog food with no fillers, preservatives or artificial flavors. Avoid the temptation of feeding your Chihuahua leftover dinner scraps, as this can lead to obesity, toxicosis and other health problems.

• Weight – equally as influential in a Chihuahua’s lifespan is weight. Obese Chihuahuas are prone to a variety of adverse health conditions that may lower their average lifespan, including diabetes and cardiovascular disease. Underweight Chis may also experience a lower average lifespan due to malnutrition and a weakened immune system.

• Healthcare – it should come as no surprise that healthcare plays a role in a Chihuahua’s lifespan as well. Taking them to the veterinarian for routine checkups will promote a long, healthy life by diagnosing illnesses early, before they progress to life-threatening ailments. Most veterinarians recommend taking adult Chihuahuas between the ages of 7 and 10 for a wellness check once a year. If you have senior Chihuahua over the age of 10, however, you should take them for a wellness check twice a year.

• Genetics – “good genes” can lengthen a Chihuahua’s lifespan, which is why it’s important to pay close attention to a pup’s parents if you’re looking to adopt. If the parents are healthy, energetic and happy, their pups are more likely to live a long and healthy life.

• Spaying/neutering – Chihuahuas that are spayed and neutered tend to live longer than those that aren’t fixed. Neutering a male Chi before the age of year will decrease their risk of developing testicular and prostate cancers, and fixing female Chis before their first heat cycle can reduce their risk of developing uterine and ovarian cancers. Of course, there are other health benefits associated with spaying and neutering a Chihuahua, such as lowered aggression levels, reduced risk of running away, and fewer pups ending up in the pound.

• Vaccinations – Chihuahuas require vaccinations and follow-up booster shots to protect against potentially life-threatening diseases like the parvovirus, Leptospirosis, Bordetella bronchiseptica (kennel cough), canine influenza, distemper and rabies.

• Oral Care – like most small breeds, Chihuahuas are prone to dental problems like tooth decay, tooth toss and gum disease. Some studies suggest that as many as 9 out of 10 Chihuahuas will experience dental problems. Allowing your Chihuahua to suffer from poor oral health can reduce their lifespan. Bacteria enters the bloodstream through bleeding gums (caused by gingivitis) and goes straight to the heart and kidneys.

• Gender – statistically speaking, females live longer than their male counterparts. The exact cause of this longer average lifespan is unknown, but studies suggest female Chihuahuas live 1 to 2 years longer than males.

• Activity Levels – keeping your Chihuahua active is crucial to promoting a long, healthy life. Whether it’s playing fetch, tug-of-war (with a toy, of course), or going for a walk around the neighborhood, give your Chi plenty of daily exercise. Doing so will burn excess fat, build muscle, strengthen their immune system and ward off illness,  which can increase their average lifespan.

The World’s Oldest Chihuahua

The world’s oldest Chihuahua on record (keyword being on record) is Megabyte, who passed away on January 1, 2014, at the age of 20 years and 265 days. Other than the occasional news article and blog posts, details are scarce about Megabyte’s life; however, we know this full-bred Chihuahua lived 20 full years before passing away on New Year’s Day, 2014.

There have been several reports of Chihuahuas living to 20, 21 and even 22 years of age. These reports were never verified, and thus Megabyte retains his title as the world’s oldest Chihuahua.

Chihuahua Age In Human Years and Dog Years

*This chart can be used for all dogs under 20 pounds.

References:

http://users.pullman.com/lostriver/breeddata.htm

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_oldest_dogs

http://pets.webmd.com/dogs/features/dogs-and-life-span-which-breeds-live-longest

Chihuahua shirts are undoubtedly popular. They come in countless different styles and designs with practically any graphic, phrase or logo you can think of. Whether you want to go with a basic shirt featuring a single color or a more detailed one with rhinestones or some other flashy design is up to you. Just remember to choose a shirt that’s designed to fit your Chihuahua’s size body. Just like our shirts come in different sizes, so do Chihuahuas, and it’s important to only choose a shirt that fits them properly.

*As an Amazon Associate, Chihuahua Wardrobe earns from qualifying purchases.

How To Choose a Chihuahua Shirt

If this is your first time shopping for a Chihuahua shirt, it’s easy to feel lost and confused. After all, most of us have trouble buying shirts for ourselves, so trying to buy one for a Chihuahua is going to be equally if not more difficult. You have to not only make sure it fit rights, but that it also looks cute enough so that you’ll actually dress them up in it. Far too many owners purchase shirts and other clothes for their Chihuahuas and then later realize they don’t look good on them. The fact is that you probably won’t dress them up in a shirt if it doesn’t look good on them.

Before you even think about what style of shirt your Chihuahua will look good in, you should narrow your selection down to comfortable choices. Even small imperfections such as stitches or seams that protrude out can cause a lot of discomfort when worn by a Chihuahua. If you’re purchasing a shirt in person, take a minute to feel the material and determine whether or not it will be comfortable. 100% cotton shirts and cotton wool blends are generally the most comfortable materials around. However, polyester shirts with a soft interior lining can also prove to be quite comfortable.

Does It Fit?

Chihuahuas can range in size from as small as 2 pounds or as heavy as 10 or more. Although the (American Kennel Club) AKC standards state that Chihuahuas must weigh less than 6 pounds, the fact is that many of them are much heavier; therefore, some shirts may not fit them as well. Unless you want them to look like a clothes hanger, you must choose a shirt that fits them properly.

So, how do you know whether or not a shirt will fit your Chihuahua without dressing them up in it beforehand? The truth is that sometimes it’s easier, while other times it’s more difficult. Read the description of any shirt you’re considering purchasing for your Chihuahua to see if the manufacturer has size specifications listed. Depending on who manufactured the shirt, they may include sizing information for it. For instance, some of the smaller shirts may be designed to fit Chihuahuas weighing up to 2 pounds, while other shirts may fit Chihuahuas weighing 4-6 pounds. Of course there are also shirts that are “one size fits all.” These shirts are usually made with a soft, flexible cotton that has some give in it. Remember, though, there’s no such thing as a TRUE one size fits all shirt, so don’t be fooled by this labeling.

Popular Types of Chihuahua Shirts

If you’re still having trouble finding a shirt for your Chihuahua, you should consider some of the following types of shirts:

• Graphic t-shirts with cute sayings or phrases on them.
• Shirts with rhinestones or other small accents.
• Plain striped cotton shirts.
• Pink shirts featuring ruffles or frayed ends.

Hopefully the suggestions listed above will spark some ideas in your mind on what shirt you should choose for your Chihuahua. Remember, ideally, you want a shirt that’s going to express your Chihuahua’s personality. If they’re a feisty little ankle-biter, a shirt with a skull and crossbones will fit their personality perfectly. On the other hand, a cute pink shirt will likely fit a pampered female Chihuahua the best.

Chihuahua Shirt Care and Maintenance

Caring and maintaining Chihuahua shirts is a bit different than traditional people’s clothes. If you intend on making them last for several years, you should familiarize yourself with the proper methods for caring for your Chihuahua’s shirts. Only then will you be able to make them look as pristine as they did when you first bought them.

Unlike most of our clothes, Chihuahua shirts don’t need to be washed immediately after wearing them. In fact, washing them too much may actually damage some of the shirts out there by unraveling loose thread. Depending on the activity levels of your Chihuahua and where the environment where they play, you can usually get by with washing it once every 10 wears. When you’re ready to wash it, place it in the washing machine along with any other Chihuahua clothes that are dirty and run it with warm water and a bit of detergent.

Some Chihuahua shirts have specific washing instructions printed inside the label. Before placing any shirts in the washing machine, check to see if there’s a label inside the collar, as this will tell you what the best and safest method for washing is.

If you’re thinking about adding a Chihuahua to your family, you might be wondering whether they are high maintenance. Raising any dog requires a lot of hard work. Some breeds, though, are more demanding than others. So, are Chihuahuas high maintenance?

What Is a High-Maintenance Breed?

High-maintenance breeds are those that require more time, energy, money and effort to raise than other breeds. The American Kennel Club (AKC) currently recognizes about 200 dog breeds, whereas the International Canine Federation (FCI) recognizes nearly twice as many breeds.

Each breed is unique. Beagles, for instance, are known for their floppy ears and high energy levels. They were originally bred for hare hunting in 16th-century England, so they need more exercise than non-hunting breeds. Bulldogs, on the other hand, have short faces that predispose them to a myriad of medical conditions, such as brachycephalic airway syndrome and allergic rhinitis. Bulldogs also have lots of skin folds that must be cleaned regularly.

All breeds require some work to raise, but high-maintenance breeds come out on top. When compared to other breeds, they need more exercise, trips to the veterinarian, grooming, home adjustments, special diets and more. Unless you’re willing to meet their taxing demands, you shouldn’t get a high-maintenance breed.

Chihuahuas Are Not High Maintenance

Chihuahuas aren’t high maintenance. Raising a Chihuahua is undoubtedly a lot of work, but there are plenty of other, more demanding breeds out there.

Breeds that are considered high maintenance include:

• Afghan Hound
• Akita
• Bichon Frise
• Border Collie
• Boxer
• Brussels Griffon
• Cavalier King Charles Spaniel
• Chow Chow
• Cocker Spaniel
• Dalmatian
• English Bulldog
• English Springer Spaniel
• French Bulldog
• German Shepherd
• Golden Retriever
• Great Dane
• Irish Setter
• Newfoundland
• Pomeranian
• Poodle (Standard, Miniature, and Toy)
• Saint Bernard
• Samoyed
• Shar-Pei
• Shih Tzu
• Siberian Husky
• Weimaraner
• Yorkshire Terrier

Maintenance Requirements for Chihuahuas

By familiarizing yourself with the breed’s maintenance requirements, you can decide whether a Chihuahua is right for you and your family. Chihuahuas aren’t high maintenance, but they do have maintenance requirements. Your Chihuahua’s health and happiness are dependent upon you meeting these requirements.

Energy: Medium Maintenance

Chihuahuas have medium energy requirements. Many of them love to play fetch and tug-of-war. Other Chihuahuas will run around in circles fast — a phenomenon known as frenetic random activity periods (FRAPs) or simply the “zoomies.”

While Chihuahuas have higher energy levels than many other breeds, their exercise demands are easily met. You don’t need a large backyard. Because they are so small, Chihuahuas can run and play in small areas. You can chase your Chihuahua around in the living room, or you can take him for a short walk around the neighborhood. A half-hour of exercise per day should suffice for most Chihuahuas.

Grooming: Medium Maintenance

Chihuahuas require a moderate amount of grooming. You’ll need to brush your Chihuahua’s coat at least once a day to remove tangles and knots. If he has a long coat, you may need to brush his coat twice a day. Long-coat Chihuahuas have longer hair than smooth-coat Chihuahuas, so they are more susceptible to tangles and knots.

You’ll need to brush your Chihuahua’s teeth a couple of times per week to promote good oral hygiene. It will remove plaque that, if left unchecked, can turn into tartar. Plaque and tartar buildup may then place your Chihuahua at risk for periodontal disease, tooth decay and tooth loss.

Nail trimming is an important grooming process. Your Chihuahua may snag his nails on rugs, furniture or the carpet if they are too long. Long nails can also become ingrown Trimming your Chihuahua’s nails once every three to four weeks will prevent problems such as these.

You’ll need to bathe your Chihuahua as well. Even if he looks clean, your Chihuahua is probably harboring debris in his coat. Bathing him at least once every few weeks will remove dirt, dander and other forms of debris that could otherwise irritate his skin.

Health: Medium Maintenance

While they have one of the longest lifespans of all breeds, Chihuahuas aren’t immune to health problems. They are susceptible to a variety of diseases and conditions. Many Chihuahuas experience reverse sneezing episodes. This all-too-common respiratory condition involves spasms of the soft palate in a Chihuahua’s mouth, which causes him to rapidly inhale air while creating a wheeze or “goose-honking” sound.

Chihuahuas are susceptible to patellar luxation. It’s an orthopedic condition that involves the kneecap (the patella) slipping out of the groove in the femur. Patellar luxation may affect one or both of the Chihuahua’s hind legs. Chihuahuas suffering from patellar luxation will often hold up or “favor” the affected leg or legs.

Other common health problems in Chihuahuas include tracheal collapse, heart disease, hypoglycemia, seizures and hydrocephalus. Even with a predisposition to these diseases and conditions, though, Chihuahuas are still generally healthy.

Diet: Medium Requirements

Chihuahuas have special dietary needs. You don’t need to necessarily feed your Chihuahua homemade meals, but you should feed him a kibble that’s formulated specifically for small dogs. Small dog kibble is smaller in size than standard kibble. Some Chihuahuas may struggle to bite and chew standard kibble, but the compact size of small dog kibble offers a solution.

Both standard kibble and small dog kibble contain three primary ingredients: protein, fat and carbohydrates. Small dog kibble, however, contains a higher concentration of protein and fat to carbohydrates. This calorie-dense formula allows for longer-lasting, more sustainable energy in Chihuahuas and other small dogs.

Potty Training: Medium

Chihuahuas have earned a reputation for being difficult to potty train, but this reputation may not be entirely deserved. Chihuahuas are sneaky. Because of their small size, they can sneak off to another area of the home to use the bathroom undetected.

After urinating in a particular spot, they may return to it. The urine of Chihuahuas and other dogs contains territory-marking enzymes. Chihuahuas can smell areas where they’ve urinated. A Chihuahua may sneak off initially to use the bathroom in an unoccupied room, and because of the enzymes he leaves behind, the Chihuahua will continue urinating in that same room.

Potty training is a hands-on activity. You can’t expect your Chihuahua to learn to use the bathroom outdoors unless you teach him. If you allow him to sneak off when nature calls, he will continue to use the bathrooms in your home. The lingering enzymes will attract him to that area of your home.

Here are some tips for a smoother and more effective potty-training regimen:

• Begin potty-training your Chihuahua at an early age, preferably between the ages of 12 and 16 weeks.
• Focus on reward-based potty-training in which you reward your Chihuahua with a treat and praise for using the bathroom. Punishment-based training is ineffective at best and counterproductive at worst.
• Confine your Chihuahua to a crate when you leave home. Most Chihuahuas enjoy being in their crate, as it offers them a sense of security. And as long as the crate isn’t too big, they typically won’t go the bathroom in it.
• When returning home, immediately take your Chihuahua out to use the bathroom.
• Use a verbal command like “go potty” or “go pee pee.” Over time, your Chihuahua will associate this command with the action of going to the bathroom.
• Choose a specific spot in your yard for your Chihuahua to use the bathroom.
• Establish a routine that involves taking your Chihuahua out to use the bathroom at regular intervals throughout the day.

Cold and Heat Sensitivity: High

Chihuahuas are sensitive to cold and heat. Their small bodies allow them to quickly lose and gain heat in response to temperature changes in their surrounding environment. In cold weather, they’ll quickly lose body heat. In hot weather, they’ll quickly gain body heat. As an owner, you must take precautions to protect your Chihuahua from cold and hot weather.

You can protect your Chihuahua from cold weather by dressing him in clothes. Clothes offer a form of thermal insulation. A thick shirt or sweater will insulate your Chihuahua from the cold weather. Make sure your Chihuahua has warm bedding as well. Chihuahuas will often burrow under blankets and linens to stay warm.

You can protect your Chihuahua from hot summer weather by limiting his time spent outdoors during the midday sun. The sun is the hottest at around 3:00 p.m. Therefore, planning outdoor activities earlier or later in the day will help to protect your Chihuahua from heat exhaustion. You should also provide your Chihuahua with easily accessible water. Hydration is essential to protecting against heat exhaustion during the summer.

Mental Stimulation: Medium Maintenance

Chihuahuas require a moderate amount of mental stimulation. It promotes healthy cognitive function while warding off dementia and anxiety in the process.

Mental stimulation may even keep your Chihuahua happy. When bored, Chihuahuas can become depressed, or they may develop behavior problems. Mental stimulation forces Chihuahuas to use their brain, so they won’t become bored. Chihuahuas don’t need as much mental stimulation as purpose-bred dogs, but they still require a moderate amount.

Here are some mental stimulation activities to consider for your Chihuahua:

• Give your Chihuahua a hidden treat puzzle toy to play with. These toys are designed to encourage Chihuahuas and other dogs to solve a puzzle so that they can access a treat.
• In addition to hidden treat puzzle toys, you can hide treats around your home. Your Chihuahua will then have to his scent of smell to find the treats.
• Teach your Chihuahua a new trick, such as how to shake paws or how to sit.
• Take your Chihuahua for walks in unfamiliar areas, such as a park or hiking trail.
• Assign a name for your Chihuahua’s favorite toy. Try to teach your Chihuahua this name while he’s playing with it.
• Set up an agility course for your Chihuahua. Agility courses are obstacles that require a combination of physical and mental aptitude to complete.

In Conclusion

Chihuahuas aren’t high maintenance. Based on their energy, health, grooming, diet, potty-training, sensitivity to cold and heat and mental stimulation requirements, they are better classified as medium maintenance.

Do you think Chihuahuas are high maintenance? Let us know in the comments section below!

If you’re looking to add a hoodie to your Chihuahua’s outfit collection, you’ve come to the right place! Here you’ll find one of the largest selections of traditional Chihuahua hoodies and hooded shirts for sale. Some of them are basic and designed with a single color, while others are more complex with ruffles and unique designs. 

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Hoodies are arguably one of the most versatile articles of clothing you can purchase for a Chihuahua. Whether it’s summer, winter or any season in between, hoodies can be worn year-round. The addition of a hood is a neat little accessory that can be tossed over your Chihuahua’s head to provide an extra layer of warmth and comfort. When the temperatures begin to start rising, you can take the hood back off to keep them cool. Of course, this is just one of the reasons why they are such a popular choice of clothing for Chihuahuas and other small dogs.

What Are Hoodies Exactly?

Chihuahua hoodies aren’t as common as shirts or sweaters; therefore, some people don’t know what they are exactly. If you’ve never heard of them before, let me give you a quick explanation – basically, hoodies are shirts or sweaters with a hood attached to the top. The concept of a Chihuahua hoodie is pretty much the same as hoodies that we wear.

Depending on how it’s made, you can usually pull the hood off and on with ease, giving it an even greater level of versatility over other types of Chihuahua clothes. When the temperatures are cold in the morning and you have to take your Chihuahua outside to do their “business,” you can pull the hood over their head to help keep them warm. However, once the sun starts poking through and begins to warm up the air, you can take the hood back off.

Things To Look For In a Chihuahua Hoodie

Need a little help choosing a hoodie for your Chihuahua? With so many different styles, sizes and types available, narrowing your selection down to one can prove to be a challenge, especially if this is this their first one. While it ultimately boils down to your own personal preference, here are some of the things to look for in a Chihuahua hoodie:

• Obviously, you’ll want to choose a hoodie that’s going to fit properly on your Chihuahua. Like all pet clothes, Chihuahua hoodies come in a wide variety of sizes to fit any type of Chihuahua, regardless of how big or small they are. Make sure any hoodie you purchase is designed to fit your Chihuahua’s size.
• Pay close attention to the weight and overall thickness of any hoodie you’re thinking of purchasing. If you plan on dressing your Chihuahua up in a hoodie during the semi-warm summer and spring months, it’s a good idea to choose a lighter, thinner hoodie. On the other hand, thicker hoodies tend to work better and offer more warmth during the winter.
• When shopping for a new Chihuahua hoodie, take note of how it goes on their body. Because there are so many different manufacturers who produce them, some hoodies go on in different ways. Unless you want to spend 10 minutes trying to force it on their body, you’ll want to choose one that’s simple and easy to get on; otherwise, it will probably end up sitting unused in their wardrobe.
• The color, design and style of a hoodie is also something that’s worth taking note of. After all, you want your Chihuahua to look their best in their cute new outfit, so take the time to choose a hoodie that compliments their look.
• Last but not least, you need to consider the price of a Chihuahua hoodie. Some of the so-called “boutique” pet stores may try to rip you off by jacking up the price of their hoodies for $30, $40 or even $50 bucks a piece. The truth is that no hoodie should cost this much, which is why the ones listed on our site are generally much more affordable.

Tips on Using Chihuahua Hoodies

One of the great things about Chihuahua hoodies is their sheer versatility. Whether it’s hot, cold or anywhere in between, hoodies can be successfully worn as long you follow some basic guidelines. I can’t stress just how important choosing the right size hoodie is for your Chihuahua. Even if it’s just a size or two bigger than what they need, that extra fabric may rub on their body, causing sores and discomfort. On the other hand, hoodies that are too small can be equally as uncomfortable simply because they are constricting and limit their movement.

It’s not uncommon for some Chihuahuas to be hesitant of wearing hoodies or other types of clothes at first. They may shake nervously or even try to hide in their crate. Even though dressing them up properly doesn’t cause any pain or discomfort, it’s still something they aren’t familiar with, and that’s all it takes to make a Chihuahua nervous. However, you can help calm them down by talking calmly to them, petting them and giving them a treat. As long you bring all of these elements together when dressing your Chihuahua up in a hoodie, they should quickly grow to love their new hoodie.

Here you can shop through our wide selection of Chihuahua sweaters for sale. If you’re looking for a warmer alternative to traditional shirts and other light pet clothes, sweaters are the perfect choice. They’re warm, cozy and come in countless different styles to fit any Chihuahua’s personality.

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Benefits of Owning a Chihuahua Sweater

Chihuahua sweaters are arguably one of the best all-around types of clothes you can dress your furry four-legged friend up in. When the fall and winter seasons approach and the temperatures begin to drop, a thick sweater offers a valuable layer of thermal protection for a small Chihuahua. Even if your Chihuahua stays inside, which most do, they’ll still need to be walked outside daily where they’re exposed to the cold weather. Thankfully, however, a sweater can offer a valuable layer of thermal protection against the biting cold winds and freezing temperatures, so make sure to include them in your Chihuahua’s wardrobe.

Many owners seem to forget that Chihuahuas are more affected by the cold weather than other dogs. The reason for this is simply due to their small size and stature. With less body mass, there’s naturally less protection against cold temperatures. Something as simple as a cotton or wool sweater can help keep them warm on those cold winter days.

What Type of Sweater Should I Choose?

Need a little help choosing a sweater for your Chihuahua? With so many different types available, trying to narrow your selection down to one can be difficult. To make things easier, we’ve compiled a list of things you should consider when shopping for a new Chihuahua sweater.

• What material is the sweater made of? Arguably the most important thing you need to be aware of when shopping for a Chihuahua sweater is the material it’s made of. You really can’t go wrong with a soft cotton, wool or cotton/wool blend, as these are super-comfortable and tend to hold up well on even the most active Chihuahuas. If you’re unsure whether or not a certain material will cause discomfort, take a minute to feel it with your hands. Just run your hands down the side of it to see if it’s soft.
• Does it have pockets, hoods or other neat little features? There’s nothing wrong with a plain old basic sweater, but some of them can have neat little accents that really add a stylish flair to your Chihuahua’s look. If it contains extra zippers, pockets, hoods or anything else, you need to be aware of how it affects your Chihuahua’s comfort level when worn. Some poorly made sweaters may have zippers or stitching that pokes and irritates a Chihuahua.
• What color and designs does it feature? Chihuahua sweaters come in a countless number of designs, colors and styles. Whether you want a basic single-color sweater or one with a more uniquely stylish design, chances are there’s something out there for your Chihuahua. Take your time to browse through the available selections until you come across one that stands out from the rest. Ideally, you want a sweater that reflects your canine companion’s personality and characteristics.
• How does it fit on my Chihuahua? Of course you’ll have to consider the size of any sweater you’re thinking of purchasing for your Chihuahua. Just like our shirts and sweaters come in different sizes, so do those made for Chihuahuas. Depending on who manufactured it, there may be a simple sizing of small, medium and large. Carefully read the description to see what size dogs the sweater is intended to fit and choose the one that your Chihuahua falls under.

When To Dress Your Chihuahua Up In a Sweater

Some owners are under the impression that sweaters are meant only for the winter months when temperatures start dropping. While they are certainly useful for the winter, sweaters can also be worn year-round under the right circumstances. In fact, a lot of smooth-coat Chihuahuas seem to enjoy the soft feel of a nice sweater against their body. It creates a protective layer against the wind, rain and other elements that Chihuahuas are naturally susceptible to.

If you plan on dressing your Chihuahua up in a sweater on non-winter months, make sure it’s relatively thin and not too constricting. You don’t want to force them to wear a thick sweater that’s only going to trap too much of their body heat when it’s still warm outside, as this may cause them to overheat. Instead, look for a soft, thin sweater that’s breathable and not constricting.

You can check all of the pet stores and retailers in your area and still not find a single set of Chihuahua paw-wear, so how are you supposed to get them for your Chihuahua? We make the process quick and easy by connecting you to one of the largest selections of Chihuahua boots, booties, shoes and paw-wear for sale.

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If you’re looking to give your Chihuahua a stylish edge over other well-dressed canines, you should consider purchasing a set of boots or similar “paw-wear” for them. They add a naturally stylish element to your Chihuahua’s look that’s sure to turn heads as you walk them in the neighborhood or park. After all, how many dogs do you see sporting a set of shoes or booties on their paws? Most people have never even heard of such things, let alone use them on their canines. You can use this to your advantage by dressing your Chihuahua up to set them apart from the rest.

Benefits of Chihuahua Paw-Wear

Naturally, one might assume that Chihuahua paw-wear is a novelty item with no real benefits. While many owners dress their Chihuahuas up in them for this reason alone, the fact is that paw-wear does offer some unique benefits that shouldn’t be ignored. If you’re trying to decide whether or not to use them on your Chihuahua, just take a look at some of the advantages listed here.

• Helps to protect your Chihuahua’s paws from cuts, scrapes and other injuries.
• Offers a valuable layer of thermal insulation that keeps your Chihuahua’s paws warm during the cold winter months.
• Creates a barrier between your Chihuahua’s paws and the snow, rain or other elements.
• Dressing a Chihuahua up in paw-wear is a fun bonding time for both the owner and the Chihuahua.
• Everyone loves seeing a cute Chihuahua wearing a set of booties or shoes!

Which Type of Paw-Wear Should I Choose?

Because it’s going on your Chihuahua’s paws, you’ll want to make sure they are soft and comfortable. This may be somewhat difficult to accomplish if you’re purchasing them online, but you should still be able to see what material they are made of. Ideally, paw-wear for your Chihuahua should be made with a soft interior material and a tougher exterior material. Whether they are shoes, boots or booties, they must be made to endure and withstand anything that mother nature throws their way; otherwise, you could end up having to replace them a couple of months down the road. A good vinyl, polyester or even rubber outer material should hold up well in most weather conditions, which is exactly what you want in a set of paw-wear.

While the exterior of your Chihuahua’s paw-wear needs to be tough and durable, the interior needs to be soft. Remember, Chihuahuas have small and delicate paws, and trying to force the wrong boots or shoes on them can easily cause discomfort. So how do you know if a set of paw-wear is comfortable or not? You can usually tell by simply looking at a picture of them, as comfortable sets will have a visible fur or cotton lining inside them. The ones you should avoid are paw-wear sets with no extra “comfort” layer inside them. Stick with the ones that look well-made and have a fur or some other type of lining inside them and your Chihuahua should naturally fall in love with their new shoes.

Tips on Using Chihuahua Paw-Wear

Since paw-wear isn’t used as frequently as Chihuahua shirts or other forms of apparel, you might have some questions about using them. First and foremost, take a minute or two to closely inspect the shoes or boots to see how they fit on a Chihuahua’s paws. Most of them should slide right on without a problem, but others may require some laces or straps to be removed. It should be fairly easy to determine how the paw-wear fits on a Chihuahua, but if you’re unable to figure it out, contact the manufacturer and ask them. Trust me, you don’t want to force shoes or boots on your Chihuahua’s paws in a manner they weren’t intended for.

When placing paw-wear on your Chihuahua, always use extreme caution and be as gentle as possible. As previously stated, Chihuahuas have small and fragile paws that can be injured if they are mishandled. To prevent this from occurring, you must never try and move their paws in unnatural ways. If your Chihuahua is pulling their paw away from you, don’t force it but instead put the boots down and try again later. Petting and talking to your Chihuahua may help them grow more relaxed and accepting of their new paw-wear. Once you get it on their paws, be sure to give them a treat as a reward.

Chihuahuas are one of the most popular small dog breeds in the world. Known for their tiny size and big personalities, however, they require special care and attention when it comes to traveling. Whether you’re going on a short trip to the vet or embarking on a long vacation, having the right carrier or tote is essential to your Chihuahua’s comfort and safety.

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Chihuahua Carrier Uses

A carrier is an essential item that all Chihuahua owners need to own. Even if your Chihuahua stays cooped up inside the house most of the time, there will still be occasions when you need to take him for a car ride.

If you’re headed out of town for vacation, you may need to take your Chihuahua to a friend’s house. Alternatively, you may need to take your Chihuahua to the veterinarian for an annual checkup.

 friend’s house or just taking them to the veterinarian for an annual checkup, your Chihuahua will have to leave the house as some point or another. Using a specialized carrier or travel bag will offer a safe and convenient way to transport your Chihuahua.

Making the decision to purchase a Chihuahua carrier is an investment that is certain to pay off in the long run. Many owners don’t realize just how useful they are until they own one. While the most obvious use is that it allows you to travel with your Chihuahua in a safe manner, but there are some other uses that you may be unaware of. Let’s take a look at some of the main uses for a Chihuahua carrier.

One of the greatest benefits of using a Chihuahua carrier is that it allows you to keep them safe and secure when making trips to the veterinarian. Most vet offices are filled with dogs, cats and other family pets, and this may create a dangerous situation for Chihuahuas that are allowed to roam free. If your Chihuahua instinctively runs up and acts aggressively towards other pets in the waiting area (this actually happens a lot), they could start a fight that ends in a serious injury. As you probably know, Chihuahuas have the Napoleon Complex and try to pick fights with dogs much larger dogs. This can all be prevented, however, by keeping your Chihuahua secure in a carrier or travel bag when you take them to the vet.

Being that Chihuahuas are the smallest dog breed in the world, and arguably the cutest as well, many owners prefer having them by their side when running errands, picking up food or just for a drive around the neighborhood. Like most dogs, Chihuahuas love the attention and opportunity to get outside the house for a while. This creates a valuable bonding experience that naturally strengthens the relationship between you and your Chihuahua. Of course, you’ll need a proper carrier or tote if you plan on taking them with you, but that’s where we come in!

What To Look For In a Chihuahua Carrier

When shopping for a Chihuahua carrier, you might be surprised to see just how many different types there are. Some of them are small over-the-shoulder straps that mimic a pouch, while others are designed in a style similar to a backpack. However, these are just two of the many different types of carriers available. With so many options to choose from, it’s easy to feel overwhelmed and not know where to start. If you’re having trouble choosing one, use the following criteria to help narrow your selection down.

• First and foremost, identify how the carrier itself is transported. For instance, bikers or those who frequently travel on food will likely want a backpack-style carrier. On the other hand, a traditional briefcase-style carrier would work fine for those traveling by car.
• You’ll also need to factor in size when choosing a Chihuahua carrier. Ideally, it should be just large enough for them to stand up and turn their body around in. While you can still use carriers larger than this, it makes transportation more difficult and increases the chance that your Chihuahua will use the bathroom in their carrier.
• Airflow is something that’s oftentimes overlooked by those searching for a new Chihuahua carrier. Unless it’s an open-top carrier, it needs to have a mesh screen or holes poked in the sides to allow fresh air in.
• It’s not pleasant to think about, but accidents will likely happen inside your Chihuahua’s carrier. Thankfully, some carriers are designed with ease of cleaning in mind, so you’ll want to factor this into your decision. When your Chihuahua has an accident in their carrier, and they will, you’ll want to be able to clean it out quickly and easily.
• Lastly, comfort should always be considered when purchasing a new Chihuahua carrier. Remember, these accessories are primarily used to transport Chihuahuas, so they will probably be spending quite a bit of time in it. You can make their temporary living quarters more comfortable by offering them a soft interior lining with a blanket or two added.

It’s every Chihuahua owner’s worst nightmare: You open the back door so that your four-legged companion can go potty, only for a hawk to swoop down and attack him. With their dagger-sharp talons, hawks can deal some serious damage, potentially maiming or killing your Chihuahua. You can still let your Chihuahua outside, but you should consider taking some precautions to protect him from these majestic yet fierce birds.

Do Hawks Really Attack Chihuahuas?

Red-tailed hawk swooping down in attack mode.

It’s not just an urban legend; hawks have been known to attack Chihuahuas.

Hawks are birds of prey, meaning they hunt other animals for food. Most hawks hunt twice a day: once in the morning and again in the afternoon. They will either sit atop a perch or soar over an open landscape while looking for their next meal. Upon spotting a target, they will swoop down to attack it.

Hawks don’t discriminate between domesticated and wild animals. Assuming an animal is small enough to consume and doesn’t pose a threat, hawks may attack it.

Hawks commonly prey upon the following animals:

• Rabbits
• Squirrels
• Chipmunks
• Mice
• Voles
• Fish
• Crayfish 
• Lizards
• Frogs
• Grasshoppers
• Other birds

Chihuahuas are small, so hawks may view them as targets as well. Hawk attacks involving Chihuahuas are uncommon, but they can and do occur.

Can Hawks Carry Chihuahuas?

Hawks can injure or kill Chihuahuas, but that doesn’t necessarily mean they can carry Chihuahuas. The amount of weight a hawk can carry is proportional to the hawk’s own body weight. 

There are over 200 known species of hawks worldwide, about two dozen of which live in North America. Some of these species are larger than others, and the larger the hawk, the more weight it can carry.

The largest hawk species in North America is the ferruginous hawk. Ferruginous hawks stand 20 to 26 inches tall and weigh 3 to 4 pounds on average. The most common hawk species in North America, on the other hand, is the red-tailed hawk. Red-tailed hawks are found year-rear throughout most of the continental United States and Central America. They stand 18 to 24 inches tall and weigh 1.5 to 3.5 pounds on average.

Hawks can’t carry more than their own body weight. According to the University of Missouri’s Raptor Rehabilitation Project, in fact, most hawks can only carry up to half of their body weight. They can still use their curved talons to attack heavier animals, but hawks will struggle to lift them off the ground.

Chihuahuas weigh 3 to 6 pounds on average. While small, Chihuahuas are still heavier than most hawks, including the all-too-common red-tailed hawk. Therefore, hawks typically can’t carry Chihuahuas.

In some instances, a large hawk may be able to lift a small Chihuahua off the ground. Even then, however, it won’t be able to carry the Chihuahua very far. The hawk will release the Chihuahua shortly after picking him up, at which point the hawk will fly off in search of a lighter and more suitable target upon which to prey.

Beyond Hawks: Other Birds of Prey That Can Attack Chihuahuas

Hawks are just one of several birds of prey that pose a threat to Chihuahuas. There are other types of birds of prey that can attack Chihuahuas, including falcons, eagles and owls.

#1) Falcons

American Kestrel sitting atop a perch.

Falcons are birds of prey that inhabit all continents except for Antarctica. North America is home to eight species of falcons, the most common of which is the American Kestrel.

When compared to hawks, falcons are smaller. The American Kestrel, for instance, only weighs about 3 to 6 ounces on average. What they lack in size, though, they make up for in speed. Falcons are fast and agile. American Kestrels can fly at speeds up to 40 mph, and they can dive at speeds up to 60 mph.

Falcons also primarily use their beaks to attack prey, whereas hawks use their talons. After identifying a target, falcons will swoop down to attack it. They will grab the prey with their talons, but falcons will use their beaks to bite and kill the prey.

#2) Eagles

Golden eagle soaring through the sky.

Eagles are birds of prey of the Accipitridae family. Colloquially known as “the king of birds,” they are at the top of the food chain.

Eagles are significantly larger and heavier than hawks. There are only two species of eagle in North America: the bald eagle and the golden eagle. The former is the national bird of the United States, whereas the latter is the national bird of Mexico. While their other nuances between them, bald eagles and gold eagles are roughly the same size. They stand about 3 feet fall and weigh 6 to 14 pounds on average.

According to HawkQuest, bald eagles have a gripping force of 400 pounds per square inch (PSI), which is about 10 times that of the average person’s gripping force. Red-tailed hawks, in comparison, have a gripping force of roughly 200 PSI.

#3) Owls

Barn owl with his head turned searching for prey.

Owls are birds of prey from the order Strigiformes. There are 20 owl species in North America, some of the most common being the barn owl, great horned owl, burrowing owl, spotted owl and western screech owl.

While hawks, falcons and eagles are all diurnal, owls are nocturnal, meaning they hunt at night. Many owl species also have the ability to turn their head 135 degrees in both directions, resulting in a 270-degree field of view.

Owls aren’t particularly agile, but they are incredibly strong. Some owl species, such as the great horned owl, can carry up to three times their body weight. Considering that great-horned owls weigh 3 to 4 pounds on average, they can carry some rather heavy animals. Fortunately, owls generally don’t target Chihuahuas or other small pets.

How to Protect Your Chihuahua From Hawks and Other Birds of Prey

Large dogs are typically safe from hawks, but small dogs may be viewed as prey. These predatory birds may swoop down and attack an unsuspecting Chihuahua. They may not be able to carry Chihuahuas, but they can still cause serious injury or death. Here’s how to protect your Chihuahua from hawks and other birds of prey.

#1) Always Supervise

You can protect your Chihuahua from hawks and other birds of prey by supervising him. Don’t just open the door when your Chihuahua needs to go potty. Instead, walk outside with your Chihuahua while he does his business.

Unless they are defending their nest, hawks generally try to keep their distance from humans. They view humans as hazards and not prey. As a result, your presence will ward off these predatory birds.

#2) Keep on a Leash and Harness

When walking your Chihuahua outdoors, keep him on a leash and harness. It will give you more control over your Chihuahua while simultaneously preventing him from straying too far.

The farther your Chihuahua strays from your side, the greater the risk of him being attacked. Hawks may feel emboldened if they see your Chihuahua alone. With a leash and harness, you can keep your Chihuahua by your side at all times so that hawks won’t view him as an easy target. And if you see a hawk swooping down, you can pull the leash to retrieve and protect your Chihuahua.

#3) Create Coverage

Coverage can protect your Chihuahua from hawks and other birds of prey. Birds of prey hunt primarily by sight. Hawks can spot animals from up to 100 yards away, whereas eagles can spot animals from up to two miles away.

Owls have excellent eyesight as well, but their vision is particularly keen at night. They have more rods and fewer cones in their eyes. Rods affect night vision, and cones affect color. Therefore, owls have super-strong night vision, but they can only see shades of black, white and gray.

Coverage consists of various shelter structures that obstruct birds’ vision. You can construct an awning or pergola, for example, or you can set up a shade sail. By creating coverage in your yard, hawks and other birds of prey won’t be able to see your Chihuahua — assuming your Chihuahua is underneath it.

An alternative solution is bird netting. Bird netting is a mesh-like netting that’s designed to prevent birds from accessing a given area, such as a vegetable garden. Birds can see through it, but they won’t be able to fly through it.

Make sure your Chihuahua knows a recall command. Recall commands are verbal commands that direct dogs to return to their owner. You can use any word or combination of words as a recall command, such as “here,” “come,” “now” or “quick.” As long as your Chihuahua knows what it means, he will come to you when you speak it.

A recall command will allow you to recall your Chihuahua if you notice a bird of prey circling above. Your Chihuahua, of course, should remain by your side if you walk him on a leash and harness. But there’s always the chance that he’ll slip out of his harness, in which case you can use the recall command.

#5) Ditch the Birdfeeders

If you have any birdfeeders in your yard, you may want to ditch them. Hawks and other birds of prey typically don’t eat birdfeeder seed or mix, but they do eat the animals that birdfeeders attract.

Birdfeeders attract small birds and squirrels. As more of these animals venture into your yard in search of an easy meal, hawks may follow them. You can discourage birds of prey from circling over your yard by removing all birdfeeders.

#6) Invest in a Bird-Proof Vest

There are bird-proof vests available to protect dogs from birds of prey, some of which include the HawkShield, Raptor Shield, and the Hawk Star Pet Protection Vest. They are wearable vests with built-in protection mechanisms. Some of them feature deterrent spikes. Others feature a reflective design that confuses and disorients birds of prey.

There are also bird-proof vests that are designed to detach. They consist of multiple pieces. If a hawk attempts to lift a Chihuahua wearing one of these vests, the outer piece will detach from the inner piece. The hawk will then fly away with the outer piece, leaving the Chihuahua with the inner piece safely on the ground.

#7) Set Up a Scarecrow

You can set up a scarecrow to keep hawks and other birds of prey out of your yard. Scarecrows, of course, look like people — at least from the perspective of many birds. If a hawk believes your yard is occupied, it may stay in the sky.

Don’t just set up a plain scarecrow consisting of a clothed silhouette of a person. Instead, make it reflective. You can hang some old CDs from the scarecrow, or you can stick a few strips of reflective “Scare Tape” to the scarecrow. Reflective surfaces repel hawks by disorienting them. In addition to making it reflective, you should move the scarecrow at least once a week. The scarecrow will be more effective at deterring hawks if it’s reflective and moves around.

Consider adding an owl decoy to your scarecrow setup. Hawks are afraid of owls. If they see an owl decoy sitting in your yard, they may keep their distance. Furthermore, an owl decoy will ward off snakes and other small animals that predatory birds, including owls and hawks alike, target as meals.

#8) Walk Your Chihuahua in a Group

If you own one or more other dogs, consider walking all of them together. Hawks are less likely to attack your Chihuahua if he’s part of a larger group.

As the adage goes, “There’s strength in numbers.” A group of three dogs poses a greater threat to hawks than a single, alone Chihuahua. Dogs are pack animals by nature. If a hawk approaches, they will likely band together to fight it off. Unless a hawk is starving or nesting nearby, it will probably avoid this confrontation.

#9) Eliminate Perches

Another way to protect your Chihuahua from hawks and other birds of prey is to eliminate perches. Perches are elevated spots that hawks use as a vantage point. Rather than flying all day, hawks will land on a perch to rest while simultaneously scanning the surrounding landscape.

Tall posts, fences and branches are all potential perches. Eliminating these spots will create a safer environment for your Chihuahua.

Rather than removing perches, you can line them with bird spikes. Bird spikes consist of metal or plastic spikes that are designed to ward off birds. They don’t actually harm birds. Instead, bird spikes deter birds from landing on potential perches.

#10) Install an Ultrasonic Pest Deterrent Device

There are ultrasonic pest deterrent devices that can keep birds out of your yard. They work by emitting sound waves with a frequency that’s outside that of human hearing. Many birds can hear these sound waves, which they may find to be annoying.

Ultrasonic pest deterrent devices are most effective at warding off small birds like pigeons, crows and starlings. Nonetheless, hawks prey upon these small birds. By installing an ultrasonic pest deterrent device, you can repel these small birds from your yard.

What to Do If You See a Hawk Near Your Chihuahua

If you happen to see a hawk circling over your Chihuahua, run toward your Chihuahua while making as much as noise as possible. You can yell the recall command, which may result in your Chihuahua stopping what he’s doing and coming to your side. If your Chihuahua doesn’t know a recall command, you can yell just about anything. As long as you are loud — and you are running toward your Chihuahua — the hawk should abandon its attack. 

Keep in mind that you shouldn’t attempt to harm hawks. All hawks and other birds of prey in the United States are protected under the Migratory Bird Treaty Act (MBTA). Established in 1918, the MBTA prohibits the killing, injuring, capturing, selling, trading and transport of certain migratory birds without authorization from the U.S. Department of Interior U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (FWS).

In Conclusion

A fenced-in yard isn’t enough to protect your Chihuahua from predators. It may prevent foxes, coyotes and other common land predators from reaching your Chihuahua, but it won’t offer any protection against birds of prey. Hawks and other birds of prey have been known to attack Chihuahuas. They may not be able to carry a small Chihuahua, but they can still cause serious injury or death.

References:

https://artsandsciences.syracuse.edu/alumni/nest-cam/hawk-watching-tips/

Has your Chihuahua ever been threatened by a hawk or bird of prey? Let us know in the comments section below!

Chihuahuas love to chase small animals. After spotting a squirrel or chipmunk, their predatory instinct will kick in. Many Chihuahuas will stop what they are doing and begin chasing the small animal — just like their ancestors did to hunt for food in the past.

This desire to chase small animals leads many people to believe that Chihuahuas are terriers. Chihuahuas may exhibit similar behaviors and characteristics, however, but that doesn’t mean they are terriers.

What Are Terriers?

Terriers are purpose-bred dogs that were originally used to hunt vermin, especially burrowing vermin that build underground tunnels. The word “terrier” comes from the Latin word “terra,” meaning “earth.” Terriers are adept at digging into the earth, which allows them to hunt burrowing vermin.

In the past, dogs were often bred to perform specific tasks. Some were bred to guard their owners’ homes or herd livestock. Terriers were bred to hunt rats, field mice, gophers, voles and other types of vermin.

Farmers have struggled to protect their livestock and crops from vermin for centuries. Vermin can devour entire crops, and they can spread diseases and parasites to livestock. A report by the U.S. National Institute of Food and Agriculture (NIFA) states that 20% to 40% of all crops are lost annually due to vermin and pests.

Terriers offer a solution. They’ve been selectively bred to hunt vermin. Terriers can dig into the ground or squeeze into vermins’ underground tunnels to force them out. Upon surfacing, most vermin won’t be able to outrun a skilled terrier. The terrier will instinctively chase it down. Most terriers today are now raised for companionship, but they still possess this same instinct to chase down vermin as their farm-raised ancestors in the past.

Terrier Behaviors and Characteristics

Terriers are excellent hunters. They are alert, agile, fearless and have a strong bite. When terriers see a small animal, their vermin-hunting instinct will kick in.

Most terriers are small. There are a few exceptions. The Kerry Blue Terrier, for instance, weighs 30 to 40 pounds on average, whereas the Bull Terrier weighs 49 to 84 pounds on average. Nonetheless, most terriers are small. Their small size allows them to fit into the otherwise narrow burrows of vermin.

Terriers are independent. They aren’t particularly clingy, nor do they demand the companionship of their owners or other dogs. Terriers can still develop separation anxiety, but they are highly independent and free-spirited when compared to other types of dogs.

Terriers are very vocal. They will bark at passing cars, other animals and even their owners. Their vocal nature can be attributed to two things: terriers’ high energy levels and their vermin-hunting indistinct. Terriers will bark to release their energy, and they will bark to scare vermin out of burrows.

Terriers are stubborn. Many first-time owners struggle to train them because of their stubbornness. Terriers can still be trained, but doing so requires an understanding of their natural instincts. Terriers are driven by a desire to hunt and chase vermin, which can cause them to become distracted during training sessions. Owners must focus on short, consistent training sessions while using positive reinforcement to achieve success.

Terriers are energetic. You can’t keep a terrier cooped up in a cage all day long. With hunting being hardwired in their DNA, they require a lot of exercise to expend their pent-up energy. Most terriers should receive 60 to 90 minutes of exercise per day.

Are Chihuahuas Terriers?

Terriers don’t consist of a single breed. Rather, they are a group of breeds with vermin-hunting origins. The American Kennel Club (AKC) currently recognizes over two dozen terrier breeds. The oldest is the Fox Terrier, which was added to the AKC’s list of breeds in 1885. The latest is the Biewer Terrier, which was added to the AKC’s list in 2021.

Chihuahuas are not terriers. They may chase small animals and share other common characteristics, but Chihuahuas aren’t classified as terriers by the AKC or any other reputable kennel club.

AKC-recognized terriers include:

• Airedale Terrier
• American Hairless Terrier
• American Staffordshire Terrier
• Australian Terrier
• Bedlington Terrier
• Biewer Terrier
• Border Terrier
• Bull Terrier
• Cairn Terrier
• Cesky Terrier
• Dandie Dinmont Terrier
• Glen of Imaal Terrier
• Irish Terrier
• Kerry Blue Terrier
• Lakeland Terrier
• Manchester Terrier
• Miniature Bull Terrier

• Miniature Schnauzer

• Norfolk Terrier

• Norwich Terrier

• Parson Russell Terrier

• Rat Terrier

• Russell Terrier

• Scottish Terrier

• Sealyham Terrier

• Skye Terrier

• Smooth Fox Terrier

• Soft Coated Wheaten Terrier

• Staffordshire Bull Terrier

• Welsh Terrier

• West Highland White Terrier

• Wire Fox Terrier

Terrier breeds are further divided into three subgroups: short-legged, long-legged and bull-type. Short-legged terriers are characterized by a small and flexible frame with short legs. Long-legged terriers are characterized by straight and long legs that allow them to dig into the dirt when hunting vermin. Finally, bull-type terriers are characterized by their exceptional strength and fighting skills.

Notice a pattern with the AKC-recognized terrier breeds listed above? They all contain the word “terrier” in their name. There is no “terrier” in “Chihuahua,” so it’s safe to assume that Chihuahuas don’t fall under this category. Why aren’t Chihuahuas classified as terriers exactly?

There’s a lot of speculation surrounding the Chihuahua’s origins. Some experts believe the Chihuahua is a descendant of a Mexican dog known as the Techichi. Others believe the Chihuahua originated as a mixed breed between the Techichi and the Xoloitzcuintle or Chinese Crested. Regardless, Chihuahuas weren’t bred to hunt vermin, so they aren’t classified as terriers.

The breed receives its namesake from the state of Chihuahua, Mexico from which it originated. In the mid-1800s, dog fanciers in the United States would travel to Chihuahua, Mexico to purchase Chihuahuas from local merchants. Back then and even today, Chihuahuas were bred primarily for companionship. Terriers, in comparison, were bred to protect livestock and crops from vermin.

How Chihuahuas Are Like Terriers

They may not be classified as terriers, but Chihuahuas share some key characteristics with these vermin-hunting dogs. Both the AKC breed standard and the Canadian Kennel Club (CKC) breed standard, in fact, describe the Chihuahua as having “terrier-like” qualities. 

Chihuahuas and terriers are energetic. They have high energy levels and enjoy running and playing.

Chihuahuas and terriers are alert. If they hear a strange noise or see an unfamiliar person or animal, they will likely bark. Their always-on-the-lookout demeanor makes them excellent watchdogs.

Chihuahuas and terriers are courageous. They aren’t afraid of potential threats, including other animals. Chihuahuas and terriers will often stand their ground to protect their territory from other animals.

While there are different terrier breeds, many of them are small. The Yorkshire Terrier weighs an average of 3 to 7 pounds, whereas the Rat Terrier weighs an average of 10 to 25 pounds. Chihuahuas, of course, are also small.

Chihuahuas exhibit many of the same behaviors as terriers. They have a natural instinct to chase small animals. Whether it’s a squirrel, chipmunk or another small dog, Chihuahuas and terriers will often dart after it without thinking twice.

Chihuahuas and terriers have a natural instinct to burrow. Terriers have been trained to hunt vermin — a task that often requires burrowing or digging. While Chihuahuas weren’t originally bred to hunt vermin, many of them possess this same instinct. Their ancestors would dig at the ground to hunt small animals, so many modern-day Chihuahuas continue to dig.

Popular Chihuahua-Terrier Mixed Breeds

There are many popular Chihuahua-terrier mixed breeds. One of the most well-known Chihuahua-terrier mixed breeds is the Chorkie. A cross between a Chihuahua and a Yorkshire Terrier, the Chorkie is an affectionate and playful small dog.

The Rat-Cha is another popular Chihuahua-terrier mixed breed. It’s a cross between a Chihuahua and a Rat Terrier. Rat-Chas are known for their unwavering loyalty, courage and high energy levels.

Along with the Rat-Cha, there’s the Jack-Chi. Also known as the Jackahuahua, it’s a cross between a Chihuahua and a Jack Russel Terrier. Jack-Chis inherit qualities from both Chihuahuas and Yorkshire Terriers. They are smart, friendly, affectionate and playful.

We can’t talk about popular Chihuahua-terrier mixed breeds without mentioning the Wire Chiwoxy. It’s a cross between a Chihuahua and a Wire Fox Terrier. Wire Chiwoxies are curious, fun-loving and feisty.

In Conclusion

They may exhibit similar behaviors and characteristics, but Chihuahuas aren’t terriers. Terriers were originally bred to hunt vermin. Chihuahuas lack this vermin-hunting lineage. There are many popular Chihuahua-terrier mixed breeds — the Chorkie, Rat-Cha and Jack-Chi — but Chihuahuas aren’t terriers.

References:

The Terrier Group: Planet Earthdog

What are your thoughts on terriers? Let us know in the comments section below!