Dogs

Is your Chihuahua a heavy shedder? Shedding can create a mess while potentially triggering allergy attacks in people who suffer from pet allergies. As your Chihuahua sheds, he will leave behind loose hair that will blanket your floors and furniture.

You can’t stop your Chihuahua from shedding. With the exception of certain hairless breeds like the Xoloitzcuintli or Chinese Crested, all dogs shed. It’s a natural process that’s actually beneficial for our canine companions. There are ways to deal with a shedding Chihuahua, however, to maintain a clean home and protect against allergy attacks.

Single-Coat vs Double-Coat Chihuahuas: What’s the Difference?

The amount of hair your Chihuahua sheds will depend heavily on the number of coats he has. There are single-coat and double-coat Chihuahuas. Double-coat Chihuahuas have two coats of hair, so they shed more hair than their single-coat counterparts.

• Single-coat Chihuahuas have a single, outer coat consisting of thick guard hairs. Also known as a top coat, the outer coat offers protection from minor injuries, bugs and the sun.
• Double-coat Chihuahuas have a top coat of guard hairs and an undercoat of softer, thinner hairs. The undercoat helps to regulate the Chihuahua’s temperature. During warmer months of the year, it increases circulation by allowing air to reach the Chihuahua’s skin. During the cooler months of the year, the undercoat insulates the Chihuahua’s body to minimize the loss of body heat.

Chihuahuas can further be classified as smooth coat or long coat depending on the length of their hair. Smooth-coat Chihuahuas have short hair that sits close to their body. Long-coat Chihuahuas have long hair that extends farther out from their body.

Some smooth-coat Chihuahuas only have a top coat, whereas others have a top coat and an undercoat. The same is true for long-coat Chihuahuas. While a double coat is more common with long-coat Chihuahuas, some of them only have a top coat.

AKC Standards for Single-Coat and Double-Coat Chihuahuas

The Americal Kennel Club’s (AKC’s) breed standards accept Chihuahuas with or without an undercoat. Only a sparse coat resembling bareness is grounds for disqualification, and this rule only applied to long-coat Chihuahuas. If you own a smooth-coat Chihuahua, you can register him even if he has a sparse coat.

An undercoat, though, is preferred for long-coat Chihuahuas in the AKC’s breed standards. Only double-coat Chihuahuas have an undercoat. For smooth-coat Chihuahuas, the AKC’s breed standards permit but do not prefer an undercoat.

When Do Single-Coat Chihuahuas Shed?

Single-coat Chihuahuas typically shed small amounts of hair throughout the entire year. Some of them may shed more heavily in spring and fall, but they will almost always shed year-round.

If you own a single-coat Chihuahua — regardless of whether he has a smooth coat or long coat — you can expect to find small amounts of hair in your home throughout the year. Single-coat Chihuahuas only have a top coat. They will shed their top coat gradually year-round, leaving behind thick guard hairs on floors, furniture and other surfaces.

When Do Double-Coat Chihuahuas Shed?

Double-coat Chihuahuas typically shed their undercoat once in spring and again in late fall, and they shed their top coat gradually throughout the year. 

The process of shedding an undercoat in a short period is known as “blowing a coat.” Most double-coat Chihuahuas will blow their coat twice a year. It lasts for about two to three weeks, during which you can expect to find large clumps of hair in your home. These large clumps of hair are known as “tufts.”

Why Chihuahuas Shed

Chihuahuas shed so that they can regrow new, healthier hair. They don’t keep their hair indefinitely. After their hair has reached a certain length, it will fall out so that new hair can grow in its place. This is all part of the hair growth cycle (see below).

Shedding isn’t limited to Chihuahuas. All dogs and even most mammals experience some degree of shedding — assuming they have hair. Over time, the hair on most mammals will become weaker and brittler. The hair growth cycle tells their bodies when to shed hair old and when to regrow new hair.

Double-coat Chihuahuas shed their undercoat to help regulate their body temperature. Shedding in spring allows for the development of a lighter and thinner undercoat. When the summer months arrive, double-coat Chihuahuas will be ready. Their newly developed undercoat will allow air to flow around their skin, thus keeping them cool.

Shedding in fall allows for the development of a heavier and thicker undercoat. They will shed their lightweight and thin undercoat in preparation for the upcoming cold weather. Chihuahuas will develop a heavier and more insulative undercoat in its place.

The Hair Growth Cycle

Chihuahuas have a three-stage hair growth cycle. The hair growth cycle is hardwired into their DNA. It affects their top coat, and if present, their undercoat. Undercoats, though, have a shorter growth cycle than top coats. Chihuahuas will shed and regrow their undercoat hairs faster than their top coat hairs.

1. Anagen (growth phase): Nutrient-rich blood from the papilla feeds the hair follicle and stimulates growth.
2. Catagen (transition phase): The hair has reached its predetermined length and has stopped growing. The hair separates from the papilla but remains in the follicle.
3. Telogen (resting phase): The hair remains dormant before falling out of the follicle. 

After the telogen stage, the hair falls out and a new hair grows in its place, thus repeating the three-stage hair growth cycle.

Illustration showing the three stages of hair growth in Chihuahuas (click to enlarge).

Do Long-Coat Chihuahuas Shed More Than Smooth-Coat Chihuahuas?

It’s a common myth that long-coat Chihuahuas shed more than smooth-coat Chihuahuas. Some long-coat Chihuahuas do, in fact, shed more, but this isn’t always the case.

The amount of hair a Chihuahua sheds has nothing to do with the length of his coat. Rather, it’s determined by whether the Chihuahua has an undercoat. Double-coat Chihuahuas have an undercoat, which they typically shed in spring and fall. They also have a top coat, which they shed more gradually year-round.

Single-coat Chihuahuas only have a top coat. They don’t have as much hair as double-coat Chihuahuas, so they shed less. If a smooth-coat Chihuahua has an undercoat, he will shed more than a long-coat Chihuahua without an undercoat. Long-coat Chihuahuas simply shed longer strands of hair, which are more visible than the shorter strands of hair shed by smooth-coat Chihuahuas.

How Daylight Affects Shedding

Shedding is governed by changes in daylight. In the Northern Hemisphere, there are approximately 1 fewer minutes of daylight per day beginning with the arrival of fall. The days essentially become shorter and the nights longer. These photoperiod changes will trigger hormonal changes in Chihuahuas that, among other things, affect when they shed.

The shorter days associated with the fall season may cause Chihuahuas to shed. Single-coat Chihuahuas may shed more of their top coat than usual in fall, whereas double-coat Chihuahuas may blow their entire undercoat. This is the result of hormones telling their bodies to produce a new thicker coat in preparation for winter.

The days will become longer in spring, conversely. As they are exposed to more daylight, Chihuahuas will experience hormonal changes that can affect their shedding. They no longer need a thick undercoat or top coat in spring, so they may shed it. Shedding in spring allows Chihuahuas to develop a thinner and more breathable coat in preparation for summer.

Common Causes of Excessive Shedding

Unless your Chihuahua is hairless, he’s going to shed. Some shedding is normal. It allows Chihuahuas to maintain a strong and healthy coat by replacing their old hair with new hair. What’s not normal, however, is excessive shedding. If you notice bald spots on your Chihuahua, an underlying problem could be to blame. Here are some of the most common causes of excessive shedding in Chihuahuas.

#1) Hypothyroidism

Hypothyroidism can cause excessive shedding. This thyroid disorder is characterized by an underactive thyroid gland. Chihuahuas with hypothyroidism don’t produce enough thyroid hormone. With low levels of thyroid hormone, Chihuahuas may experience lethargy, weight gain, anemia and excessive shedding.

#2) Cushing’s Disease

Cushing’s disease has been linked to excessive shedding. Also known as hyperadrenocorticism, it involves the overproduction of cortisol. Cortisol is a hormone that regulates stress and facilitates metabolic functions. As levels of cortisol increase, Chihuahuas may begin to shed excessively.

Excessive shedding due to Cushing’s disease is typically limited to the body. Chihuahuas with Cushing’s disease may lose hair on their body, but the hair on their head and legs will remain intact.

#3) Heat Cycle

Female Chihuahuas may shed excessively during, as well as shortly after, their heat cycle.They’ll experience hormonal changes during their heat cycle. Depending on the particular stage of their heat cycle, female Chihuahuas may produce more estrogen or more progesterone. These hormonal changes can cause them to shed excessively. Dams who’ve recently given birth may experience similar hormonal changes.

#4) Stress

Just like our hair can fall out when we are stressed, so can a Chihuahua’s hair. When they encounter a perceived threat, Chihuahuas produce stress hormones like cortisol and epinephrine. Stress hormones are responsible for their fight-or-flight response, which plays a key role in their survival, but they can contribute to excessive shedding as well.

Common stressors in Chihuahuas include separation anxiety, boredom, relocation, death in the family and the addition of a new family pet. Stressors such as these may not pose a direct threat to Chihuahuas, but they can trigger their fight-or-flight response, resulting in elevated levels of stress hormones.

#5) Food Allergies

Food allergies can cause excessive shedding. Food allergies involve an overactive immune system response to a particular food or an ingredient. With food allergies, the Chihuahua’s immune system wrongfully identifies the food or ingredient as a foreign invader. It will attack the food or ingredient with antibodies, which can lead to symptoms like itching and hair loss.

Common food allergies in Chihuahuas and other dogs include:

• Dairy
• Beef
• Chicken
• Eggs
• Soy
• Wheat
• Fish

Even if your Chihuahua doesn’t suffer from any food allergies, he may suffer from contact allergies. Like all types of allergies, contact allergies involve an overactive immune system response to an allergen. But Chihuahuas only need to come into contact with the allergen to trigger a contact allergy attack. Chihuahuas suffering from food allergies, in comparison, must ingest the allergen.

Allergens for contact allergies may include shampoo, flea medicine, antibiotics, metals such as nickel, rubber, wool, plastic and household cleaning products. If your Chihuahua is allergic to any of these allergens and they get on his skin, your Chihuahua may develop an itchy and red rash. If left untreated, he may scratch this rash to the point where it becomes bald.

#7) Infections

Chihuahuas can develop infections that cause them to shed excessively. Ringworm, yeast and pyoderma are common types of skin infections linked to excessive shedding. As the invading germ begins to spread on the Chihuahua’s skin, he will itch profusely. Fortunately, most infections are treatable.

If your Chihuahua is suffering from a bacterial infection like pyoderma, your veterinarian may prescribe an antibiotic medication. If your Chihuahua is suffering from a fungal infection like ringworm or yeast, your veterinarian may prescribe an antifungal medication.

#8) Fleas

Fleas can cause Chihuahuas to shed excessively. Measuring just 1.5 to 4 millimeters long on average, fleas are small parasitic insects that feast on the blood of mammals and birds. They can burrow themselves in your Chihuahua’s coat, at which point they will bite your Chihuahua. Your Chihuahua may be bitten hundreds of times per day if he’s suffering from a flea infestation.

Fleabites are naturally itchy, but some Chihuahuas are particularly sensitive to them. Flea saliva is a common allergen. Many Chihuahuas and other dogs are allergic to flea saliva. A condition known as flea allergy dermatitis (FAD), it causes intense itching in response to fleabites.

#9) Mange

Mange can cause excessive shedding. There are certain types of parasitic mites that can infest your Chihuahua’s skin. Mange is a group of skin diseases that involve these parasitic mites.

Two of the most common types of mange include Demodectic and Sarcoptic. The former is caused by Demodex mites, whereas the latter is caused by Sarcoptes scabiei mites. Parasitic mites such as these can quickly reproduce while causing intense itching and hair loss.

How to Control Your Chihuahua’s Shedding

You can’t prevent your Chihuahua from shedding, but there are ways to control it. If you’re tired of finding loose hair scattered throughout your home, consider the following tips.

Here are some tips to control your Chihuahua shedding:

• Brush your Chihuahua’s coat at least once a day. Daily brushing will remove loose hair, strengthen tangled knots and evenly distribute your Chihuahua’s natural skin oils throughout his coat.
• Use the right type of brush. Not all grooming brushes are the same. If your Chihuahua only has a top coat, a slicker brush or pin brush may suffice. If he has a top coat and an undercoat, you may want to begin with a slicker brush or pin brush, followed by an undercoat rake.
• Bathe your Chihuahua regularly. You can control your Chihuahua’s shedding b bathing him at least once a week.
• Consider a medicated shampoo for allergy-related shedding. If allergies are responsible for your Chihuahua’s excessive shedding, ask your veterinarian if a medicated shampoo is right for your tiny companion. There’s hydrocortisone shampoo, for instance, that suppresses the inflammation and itching associated with contact allergies.
• Use a blow dryer. After bathing your Chihuahua, use a blow dryer on the cool-air setting to remove loose hair from his coat.
• Use a deshedding spray. Try using a waterless deshedding spray to control your Chihuahua’s shedding. These sprays typically contain natural ingredients, such as Omega-3 fatty acids and vitamins, that moisturize and strengthen the Chihuahua’s coat.
• Vacuum and sweep floors. Keeping your floors will minimize your Chihuahua’s loose hair.
• Use a Lint roller on furniture. You’ll probably discover hair on furniture. A quick and easy way to remove it is to use a lint roller. Lint rollers feature strips of self-adhesive tape to which dirt, dust and loose pet hair will stick.
• Invest in a premium kibble. What type of food do you feed your Chihuahua? Low-quality kibble with lots of corn, preservatives, artificial flavors and filler ingredients may contribute to excessive shedding.
• Add olive oil to your Chihuahua’s diet. Drizzle a teaspoon of extra-virgin olive oil over your Chihuahua’s food once daily. The high concentration of Omega-3 fatty acids in olive oil will promote a healthy coat and skin that keeps excessive shedding in check.
• Consider a supplement. There are supplements available to minimize shedding in dogs. Omega-3 fatty acid supplements, vitamin A supplements and biotin supplements may improve your Chihuahua’s coat and minimize his shedding.
• Get a veterinary checkup annually. Excessive shedding may be attributed to an underlying disease or condition. An annual checkup will allow you to treat these diseases and conditions early — potentially before they lead to excessive shedding.
• Dress your Chihuahua. Chihuahua clothes are more than just a fashion statement; they can control loose hair. A shirt or sweater will catch your Chihuahua’s loose hair so that it doesn’t end up on the floor.

What You Shouldn’t Do

While excessive shedding can be a nuisance, you shouldn’t shave your Chihuahua. Chihuahuas need their hair for protection. The guard hairs protects them from the sun’s ultraviolet (UV) rays. If you shave your Chihuahua, you’ll remove these guard hairs while placing your Chihuahua at risk for sunburn.

If your Chihuahua has an undercoat, shaving him will remove both the guard hairs and the thinner undercoat hairs. Undercoats help regulate the temperature of dogs. They keep dogs warmer in winter by insulating their bodies, and undercoats keep dogs cooler in the summer by increasing air circulation around their skin. Your Chihuahua won’t have an undercoat if you shave him.

Shaving is never the answer to excessive shedding. It won’t make your Chihuahua shed any less. Your Chihuahua will still shave the same amount of hair if you shave him; your Chihuahua’s hair will simply be shorter. You can trim your Chihuahua’s coat, but you should never shave it.

In Conclusion

Shedding is a natural and expected part of owning a Chihuahua. While their small size may lead some to believe they shed less than other dogs, Chihuahuas actually have a moderate shedding level. And there are ways to control your Chihuahua’s shedding.

References:

Brushing Up For Shedding Season

How do you manage your Chihuahua’s shedding? Let us know in the comments section below!

Purebred Chihuahuas are categorized as either long-coat or smooth-coat (AKA short coat). Contrary to what some people may believe, these aren’t actual breeds but rather varieties of the Chihuahua. If you’re thinking of adding a new Chihuahua to your family in the near future, it’s important to understand the differences between long-coats and smooth-coats. While their appearance is likely the most noticeable difference, there are some other unique features associated with each of these varieties. Knowing what features and characteristics the different Chihuahua varieties have will help you make the most educated decision possible.

Before we start, it’s important to note that the breed standards for both the long-coat and smooth-coat Chihuahua variety are the same with a few exceptions. The AKC states that all Chihuahuas, regardless of their coat, must meet a certain criteria. You can visit the official AKC website for a more descriptive outline of these standards, but some of them include a weight of no more than 6 pounds, well-rounded head (apple-shaped), full and round eyes, slightly-arched neck, lean shoulders and muscular hindquarters. So what differences are there in the breed standards between the two varieties?

Long-Coat Breed Requirements

• Soft-to-the-touch fur coat.
• Fur can be either be straight or naturally wavy.
• Undercoat preferred.
• Fur should remain strong and prominent all the way to the tip of the tail.
• Excess hair around neck (AKA ruff) is preferred.

Smooth-Coat Breed Requirements

• Short fur coat that’s close to their body.
• Glossy
• Soft texture
• Excess hair around neck (AKA ruff) is preferred.
• Excess hair on tail is preferred.

The criteria listed above is simply the official breed standards set by the AKC. If you’re looking to register your Chihuahua with them or allow them to participate in an AKC-sponsored show, you’ll need to make sure they meet all of the specifications. Start by determining whether your Chihuahua is a long-coat or smooth-coat variety and then work your way down through the requirements. Remember, the breed standards are the same for both varieties with the exception of the listed requirements previously mentioned.

Long-Coat Chihuahuas

Whether you own a Chihuahua or not, you’ve probably seen or at least heard of the long-coat variety before. As the name suggests, they have a much longer coat of fur than their counterpart, the smooth-coat Chihuahua. The long-coat variety tends to soft and semi-fluffy coat of hair, and they may or may not have an undercoat.

One might assume that long-coat Chihuahuas require more grooming and maintenance, but this isn’t always the case. If you do a little searching online and at some of the various Chihuahua forums, you’ll probably notice how most owners agree that long-coat Chihuahuas shed less than their smooth-coat counterpart. This can be somewhat confusing given the fact that they have more fur, so why is it that they shed less? One of the reasons is simply because their fur stays more securely on their body, which then prevents it from falling off. Long-coat Chihuahuas that lack an undercoat will also naturally shed less than long-coat Chihuahuas with an undercoat. Of course this doesn’t mean a long-coat variety isn’t going shed at all, but they are a smarter choice for owners who are concerned with keeping their floors cleaned.

While long-coat Chihuahuas do in fact shed less, they also pick up more grass, dirt and debris from being outside. The extra fur on their body acts as a magnet to anything they come into contact with. If you allow your long-coat Chihuahua run and play outside for long periods of time, they will likely drag in leaves and debris on their coat. You can minimize this, however, by brushing their coat before letting them back in the house.

Smooth-Coat Chihuahuas

On the other side of the fence so to speak is the smooth-coat Chihuahua. It should go without saying that this variety possesses a much shorter and smoother fur coat. The fur rests directly on top of the Chihuahua’s skin, creating the appearance that they have little-to-no fur. Smooth-coat Chihuahuas can be found in a variety of colors, from white and black to brown and grey.

Something that you need to be aware of is that smooth-coat Chihuahuas will in fact shed more than long-coat Chihuahuas. If you plan to own a smooth-coat Chihuahua, be prepared to spend extra time grooming them and cleaning the floors in your home; otherwise, you’ll find their fur stuck to you anytime you sit down on the living room furniture. This can certainly be an annoyance, but it’s easy to deal with their shedding once you learn the basics. Visit the link for a more detailed guide on how to minimize your Chihuahua’s shedding.

Although smooth-coat Chihuahuas shed more than long-coats, grooming them is actually easier and less time-consuming. All Chihuahuas will need to be occasionally groomed, but smooth-coat varieties can go for a longer period of time without it. The short coat on their body prevents build-ups of dirt and debris, and it also doesn’t get tangled up like that of a long-coat’s.

In Conclusion…

The choice between a long-coat and smooth-coat Chihuahua is one that only you can make. Both of these varieties can make wonderful loving pets for the family when raised in a healthy environment. As long as you raise your Chihuahua with lots of love, attention and care, they will grow up and offer you the same level of respect you gave them. The length of their fur coat has absolutely no effect on their personality or characteristics.

References:

http://www.examiner.com/article/chihuahua-101-long-or-short-hair

If you see a flea on your Chihuahua, it’s important to take immediate action to treat and prevent them from coming back. Although they are most commonly found in parts of Europe, Asia and Africa, dog and cat fleas can still be found year-round in warmer regions of the U.S. The problem is that many owners don’t even know their Chihuahua has fleas until an infestation has begun. Their small size and stealth-like behavior allows them to go unnoticed while they feast on the blood of your tiny canine companion. Here we’ll take a look at some of the most effective ways to both treat and prevent fleas in your Chihuahua.

Many Chihuahua owners are under the assumption that there’s only a single type of flea. The truth is, however, that there are over 2,000 species worldwide, 200 of which are located inhabit the U.S. While they may look and act the same, there are some distinct differences between the species. No matter what type of flea is infesting your Chihuahua, you need to treat them in a timely manner; otherwise, they will reproduce and grow to numbers that are difficult to control.

Think you know everything about fleas? Think again. Take a look at some of these interesting statistics and facts about fleas:

• Prehistoric fossils reveal fleas to have been around 100 million years ago during the Cretaceous period.
• A single female can leave over 2,000 eggs in their lifetime.
• The average flea will bite into their host several hundred times a day. If a Chihuahua is infested with just 10 fleas, that’s thousands of bites each day!
• Fleas prefer warmer temperatures, but they can still live in near-freezing regions when necessary.
• Fleas live approximately 3 months before dying.
• Because of their powerful back legs, fleas can launch over 10 inches into the air, which is why they are so difficult to pick off a small Chihuahua.

Why Fleas Are Dangerous To Chihuahuas

Unfortunately, a lot of owners brush off a flea infestation as something that’s minor and not of serious concern. While it may only look like it causes an occasional itching, fleas are much more troubling. Fleas are considered parasites because they bite into their host (your Chihuahua) to drink their blood, which they typically do about 300-400 times per day. As a result of being constantly bitten throughout the day, some Chihuahuas will obsessively lick and clean themselves to try and eliminate their fleas, but this usually doesn’t work. An infested Chihuahua will remain covered in fleas until the owner steps in to remove them.

To make matters worse, some Chihuahuas are allergic to the saliva in fleas’ mouths, which causes them to chew and scratch the hair off their body. In some of the more severe cases, Chihuahuas will even chew the skin off their body, leaving open wounds that are susceptible to infection. In addition to traditional flea treatments, you’ll have to place a cone over your Chihuahua to keep them from causing further injury to their body.

Possibly the most serious issue associated with fleas is their ability to transmit harmful parasites and diseases, such as Rickettsia typhi, Bartonella hensalae, hemoplasmas, Flea Tyhus and even the Bubonic Plague! Some of these harmful pathogens are even transmittable to humans, so keep your Chihuahua out of your bed if they’re infested with fleas.

Treating Your Chihuahua’s Fleas

The first step in treating fleas in your Chihuahua is to understand and identify their breeding grounds. If you see fleas on your Chihuahuas skin, they’re probably burrowed in other parts of your home, and it’s up to you to find out where. Think about where your dog spends their time napping and resting and clean these areas. If your Chihuahua has a bed or crate filled with blankets, take these items out and wash them using warm water and a small amount of bleach. Also, it’s not uncommon for fleas to lay their eggs in the carpet and on rugs. When your Chihuahua has a flea infestation, try to get into the habit of vacuuming the floors daily to help remove eggs that could possibly be lingering there.

Giving your Chihuahua plenty of baths is also helpful in reducing the number of fleas and flea eggs infesting their body. Don’t just use any dog shampoo, but instead look for one that’s made specifically to treat fleas in small dogs. Hertz sells a couple of different products that many owners have had success using. Just be sure to follow the directions step-by-step to ensure your Chihuahua is safe and comfortable during their bath. As you bathe them in the water, it’s also a good idea to keep a cup of soapy warm water nearby to place any fleas you pick off your Chihuahua in. The soapy water should drown them, as they won’t be able to jump out.

When your Chihuahua is done bathing and you’ve given them plenty of time to dry off, you should go over their coat with a flea comb. These combs and can be purchased from most major pet stores for as little as $5 bucks and are designed to pull out both fleas and their eggs. Just keep another cup of warm soapy water nearby and occasionally dip the comb in it to remove any fleas you’ve picked off them.

If you want to go one step further, you can fill a spray bottle with a mixture of vinegar and water and spray your Chihuahua’s coat down with it. The highly acidic content of vinegar won’t bother your Chihuahua (just keep it out of their eyes), but fleas seem to hate it.

Severe Flea Infestations

Depending on how severe your Chihuahua’s flea infestation is, using the traditional methods listed above may not be enough. If you can’t seem to get rid of all their fleas, or if they come back in a few days, you’ll need to take a different approach to treat these horrific parasites. Hands down, one of the strongest and most effective flea medicines for dogs is a product called Frontline. According to their official website, Frontline is also the #1 choice of flea and tick treatment by veterinarians. So, why is this product so popular and effective? Unlike other flea medications, Frontline kills fleas at all stages of their life (eggs, larvae, pupae). Once it’s applied to their skin, it will begin to kill the fleas in as little as 12 hours.

References:

PedMD Fleas

Frontline.com

Have you noticed your Chihuahua shaking? Maybe he does it before going on car rides, or perhaps he shakes during the winter. While all dogs shake occasionally, this behavior is particularly common in Chihuahuas. They shake more frequently than larger dogs. Here are some of the most common reasons Chihuahuas shake and what, if anything, you should do about it.

Reasons Chihuahuas Shake

Chihuahuas may shake for any number of reasons. Some of these reasons are normal and don’t pose any need for concern. Others, however, may indicate a serious condition. Therefore, you should try to identify why your Chihuahua is shaking so that you can take the appropriate action.

#1) Cold

Chihuahuas may shake when they are cold. It’s an internal mechanism that allows our furry four-legged friends to regulate their body temperature.

The normal body temperature for Chihuahuas is between 99.5 and 102.5 degrees Fahrenheit, which is slightly higher than that of a person’s normal body temperature. If a Chihuahua’s body temperature rises above 102.5 degrees Fahrenheit, he may pant to cool off. If a Chihuahua’s body temperature drops below 99.5 degrees Fahrenheit, on the other hand, he may shake to warm up.

Chihuahuas get cold more easily than larger dogs. This is due primarily to their high ratio of body surface area to body volume. They have more skin relative to the size of their small bodies. When exposed to cold temperatures, heat will quickly escape their bodies through their skin.

Shaking allows Chihuahuas to raise their internal temperature through the consumption of energy. As they shake, some of their energy supplies will be converted to heat.

Some Chihuahuas only have a top coat, whereas others have a top coat and an undercoat. The presence of an undercoat will further protect Chihuahuas from cold temperatures, meaning they will be less likely to shake than single-coat Chihuahuas with only a top coat.

Chihuahuas may shake when they are wet. Chihuahuas don’t want to walk around with a wet coat. It will weigh them down and increase their risk of hypothermia.

After getting a bath — or jumping in a pool or body of water — they may attempt to dry themselves by shaking. According to a study conducted by the Georgia Institute of Technology, dogs can shake themselves 70% dry in a matter of seconds. Researchers also discovered that smaller dogs, such as Chihuahuas, shake more rapidly than larger dogs.

Shaking will release excess water from the Chihuahua’s coat. Any remaining water will quickly evaporate so that the Chihuahua stays warm and comfortable.

#3) Hypoglycemia

Hypoglycemia is a common reason Chihuahuas shake. Not to be confused with hyperglycemia, it’s a metabolic condition involving low blood sugar levels.

Chihuahuas use glucose for energy. The amount of glucose in a Chihuahua’s blood is represented by his blood sugar levels. The more glucose in the Chihuahua’s blood, the higher his blood sugar levels will be. Hypoglycemia is characterized by episodes during which the Chihuahua’s blood sugar levels fall below 60 milligrams per deciliter (mg/dl) or 3.3 millimoles per liter (mmol/L).

Chihuahuas have naturally high metabolic rates, which places them at risk for hypoglycemia. They consume more energy relative to their body size than larger dogs. Additionally, Chihuahuas have less glycogen to use for “backup energy.” These genetic characteristics increase the risk of hypoglycemia in Chihuahuas.

If your Chihuahua experiences a hypoglycemia episode, he may shake. Along with weakness and loss of appetite, shaking is an early sign of low blood sugar. If left untreated, hypoglycemia can lead to seizures and even death.

#4) Pain

Pain can cause Chihuahuas to shake. Like all dogs, Chihuahuas are adept at hiding pain. They’ve developed this trait over thousands of years.

Pain is a sign of weakness in the wild. It shows would-be predators that a dog is an easy target. To discourage predators from attacking them, the canine ancestors of modern-day Chihuahuas would hide their pain.

Unless your Chihuahua is in severe pain, he probably won’t yelp. He may, however, exhibit other, more inconspicuous signs, such as shaking. Maybe your Chihuahua is suffering from a toothache or arthritis, or perhaps he recently pulled a muscle. Regardless, if he’s in pain, your Chihuahua may shake.

Other signs your Chihuahua is experiencing pain include:

• Lack of appetite
• Excessive self-grooming
• Sensitivity to touch
• Heavy panting
• Pacing or circling
• Changes in gait
• Restlessness
• Lethargy

#5) Excitement

Excitement can cause Chihuahuas to shake. It’s a natural response to their heightened emotional state. When excited, adrenaline and other neurotransmitters will surge through the Chihuahua’s body. The sudden surge of these chemicals can manifest in the form of physical reactions, such as barking or shaking.

It doesn’t take a lot to excite a Chihuahua. Saying the word “treat,” for instance, is often enough to instill a sense of excitement. After your Chihuahua has learned this magic word, he will associate it with a tasty treat. Your Chihuahua may then shake until you’ve given him a treat.

Jingling your car keys may instill a similar sense of excitement. Most Chihuahuas love going on car rides. When they see and hear your car keys jingling, your Chihuahua may become excited knowing that he will be able to take a road trip. Not all Chihuahuas behave the same when excited, but many of them will shake in response to their weighted emotional state.

#6) Stress

You may notice your Chihuahua shaking if he’s stressed. Stress is a survival mechanism that’s attributed to their fight-or-flight response. Just like we become stressed when exposed to a potential threat, so do Chihuahuas. The perceived threat triggers the release of stress hormones, such as cortisol, that activate the Chihuahua’s survival instinct.

As levels of stress hormones increase, the Chihuahua will become energized and alert, which can help him survive the perceived threat. The Chihuahua will essentially prepare to either fight or flee from the threat, and he may shake until making this critical decision.

Common stressors that can cause Chihuahuas to shake include:

• Thunderstorms
• Fireworks
• Changes in daily routine
• Prolonged periods of confinement
• Veterinarian visits
• Separation from owner
• Social interaction with unfamiliar people and animals
• Lack of exercise
• Punishment-based training
• Grooming (nail trimming, ear cleaning, bathing, etc.)

#7) Illness

Illness is another common reason Chihuahuas shake. While they are considered generally healthy compared to other breeds, Chihuahuas can still succumb to a variety of diseases and medical conditions, some of which may result in shaking.

Infections can cause Chihuahuas to shake. Fever is a symptom of many viral and bacterial infections. As the invading pathogen spreads, the Chihuahua’s immune system will fight it with heat (among other things). The Chihuahua may then shake while his body temperature remains elevated.

Gastrointestinal distress can cause Chihuahuas to shake. Chihuahuas can experience an upset stomach that leaves them feeling nauseous or otherwise “under the weather. Some of them may eat grass to try and alleviate their upset stomach. Other Chihuahuas may simply shake until their stomach issues have subsided.

While not as common as infections and gastrointestinal distress, generalized tremor syndrome (GTS) can result in shaking. Also known as white shaker syndrome, it’s a nervous system disorder that involves full-body tremors. Chihuahuas with GTS will experience episodes in which their entire body shakes. Small dogs, especially those with a white coat, are more likely to experience GTS than larger dogs.

#8) Old Age

Senior Chihuahuas are more likely to shake than their younger counterparts. Chihuahuas have one of the longest lifespans in the canine kingdom, with many of them surpassing the two-decade mark. As they enter their golden years, though, they may exhibit new behaviors, such as shaking.

Age-related shaking is often attributed to muscle atrophy. All dogs, as well as humans, will lose some of their muscle mass as they grow older. Their bodies can’t maintain the same amount of muscle mass, so they burn it off. With less muscle mass, senior Chihuahuas may shake.

Senior Chihuahuas may shake due to osteoarthritis. Osteoarthritis is a degenerative disease that involves the degradation of protective joint tissues. Chihuahuas have soft, protective cartilage within their joints. Over time, this cartilage may wear down, resulting in painful bone-on-bone contact.

Is It Normal for Chihuahuas to Shake?

Nearly all dogs will shake, and Chihuahuas are no exception. But their small size makes Chihuahuas particularly prone to shaking.

It’s normal for Chihuahuas to shake when they are cold. As previously mentioned, they have a high ratio of body surface area to body volume, so they lose their body heat faster than larger dogs. Shaking allows Chihuahuas to raise their body temperature through the expenditure of energy.

It’s normal for Chihuahuas to shake when they are wet. A water-logged coat is uncomfortable, and it increases the risk of hypothermia. Unless you dry your Chihuahua with a towel or hair dryer, he may attempt to dry himself by shaking.

It’s normal for Chihuahuas to shake when they are excited. Chihuahuas are full of energy, and many of them will get excited at the simplest things. In addition to jumping and vocalizing, they may express their excitement by shaking.

Shaking attributed to other causes is typically abnormal. It’s not uncommon for Chihuahuas to shake when they are in pain, stressed, ill or old. Causes such as these, however, indicate a problem.

What to Do If Your Chihuahua Shaking

If your Chihuahua is shaking, you should try to determine the cause. He may be trying to tell you that he needs help. Ignoring his plea may cause additional pain and suffering for your pint-sized companion.

Abnormal shaking requires action on your behalf. If your Chihuahua is shaking because he’s in pain or sick, take him to the veterinarian immediately. The veterinarian can treat your Chihuahua and alleviate his pain or illness.

If your Chihuahua is shaking because he’s stressed, you can either remove the stressor or desensitize your Chihuahua to it. Stressors are things that cause stress. With the stressor removed, your Chihuahua should no longer shake. Of course, some stressors are beyond your control, in which case you should focus on desensitizing your Chihuahua to those stressors.

For age-related shaking, schedule an appointment with your veterinarian. You can’t roll back the hands of time, but there are ways to help your senior Chihuahua so that he doesn’t shake as much. Your veterinarian may recommend lifestyle changes to strengthen your Chihuahua’s muscles, or your veterinarian may recommend nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) to reduce joint inflammation.

If you aren’t sure why your Chihuahua is shaking — or if he doesn’t stop shaking — seek veterinary care.

Shaking and seizures aren’t the same. Seizures involve sudden and uncontrolled bursts of neurological activity. When a Chihuahua experiences a seizure, electrical activity will increase in his brain.

Symptoms can vary depending on the type of seizure. Focal seizures are isolated to one side of the brain, so they tend to have mild symptoms like dialed pupils and loss of vision and hearing. Generalized seizures, in comparison, involve increased electrical activity on both sides of the brain, which can lead to more severe and pronounced symptoms. During a generalized seizure, Chihuahuas may experience convulsions in which their muscles rapidly contract and relax.

Shaking and seizures differ in several ways. Chihuahuas maintain complete consciousness when shaking, whereas they may lose consciousness or become less aware of their surroundings during a generalized seizure.

Chihuahuas typically have some level of control over their muscles when shaking. Depending on the cause, they may not be able to fully stop shaking. Nonetheless, Chihuahuas can still walk and move their bodies when shaking. A generalized seizure may result in the loss of muscle control. If the Chihuahua experiences convulsions, he won’t be able to control his muscles.

In Conclusion

As an owner, you must distinguish between normal and abnormal shaking. Your Chihuahua may be shaking because he’s cold, wet or excited, all of which are normal. You don’t have to take any action if your Chihuahua’s shaking is attributed to any of these causes. But in cases of abnormal shaking, you should treat or resolve the underlying problem that’s causing this behavior.

Does your Chihuahua shake a lot? We’d love to hear about it in the comments section below!

Are you proud of your Chihuahua and want to show them off here on our site? If so, send us a picture or two and we’ll be more than happy to show them off at our photo gallery. After we receive the pictures, we’ll upload them to our photo gallery where they will be on display for all of our visitors to see. Just be sure to follow some of the basic rules and guidelines listed below.

There’s no denying the fact that owners love showing off their precious Chihuahuas, which is why we decided to add this feature to our site. ChihuahuaWardrobe.com was originally created as a go-to resource with information on Chihuahua training, health problems, grooming, breed statistics, etc. After receiving some feedback from our highly-valued visitors, we decided to start a photo gallery where members could send in pictures of their precious Chis.

Important Rules To Follow When Sending Your Chihuahua Pictures:

1. Please send no more than (3) pictures of your Chihuahua.
2. Each image with a maximum file size limit of 3 MB.
3. If you would us to display their name, please include this information along with the images. (optional)
4. It may take a couple days before your photos are uploaded to our site, so please be patient and bear with us.

Where Do I Send My Chihuahua Pictures?

Click here to send your pictures of your Chihuahua or mail them directly to [email protected] We’re pretty busy with making improvements and adding new content to our site, so it may take us a couple days to upload your images. Rest assured, though, each and every photo your submit will be reviewed by our staff and uploaded as long as follows the criteria listed here.

Where Will My Chihuahua Pictures Be Displayed?

Currently, we’re showing off visitor photos at our Chihuahua Pictures and Visitor Photo page. As we continue to receive submissions, we’ll be adding them here for our visitors to view as they please. In the future, we may start up a blog where your submissions could be on display as well.

Thanks again for visiting and we look forward to showing off your Chis!

chihuahuawardrobe.com

If you rub your Chihuahua’s head and feel an opening in his skull, try not to panic. Known as a molera or “soft spot,” it’s a common anatomical feature with the breed. Research shows that approximately 80% to 90% of all Chihuahuas are born with a molera. It was once even considered a mark of purity for Chihuahuas.

After discovering your Chihuahua’s molera, you may have some questions. In this article, we’re going to cover some common topics regarding this condition, including the following:

• An overview of moleras
• Prevalence of moleras in Chihuahuas
• Why Chihuahuas have moleras
• Whether or not it’s linked to hydrocephalus
• How to care for a Chihuahua with a molera
• What the AKC and other Chihuahua breed standards say about the molera
• And more

What is a Molera?

A molera is an opening in the top of a dog’s skull where the parietal and frontal bones have not fused together.

Most puppies are born with an incomplete skull, the opening of which is called a molera. It’s found at the top-center of the skull, a few inches above the nose. The molera is typically either circular or diamond shaped. It has an average size of 1/4 inch to 1 inch in diameter, making it about the size of a dime. Some have smooth edges, whereas others have rough or jagged edges. As the pup matures, cartilage pulls the skeletal plates together and calcifies the skull.

Dogs aren’t the only animals born with an incomplete skull. While not referred to as a molera — that term specifically applies to dogs — it’s a common feature in many mammals. Even human babies are born with an incomplete skull. The cranial opening in babies is known as a fontanelle.

Normally, these gaps of unfused skull bone gradually close over time. In Chihuahuas and other toy breeds, however, the molera may never close. Some Chihuahuas live their entire life with this cranial opening, in which case certain precautions should be taken to protect against injury.

How Common are Moleras in Chihuahuas?

Moleras are very common in Chihuahuas, affecting roughly eight in 10 newborn pups. It’s such a common feature, in fact, that it’s mentioned in the Chihuahua breed’s standards by major canine associations throughout the world.

What’s really interesting is that moleras were even more common in Chihuahuas during the breed’s early years. Up until the early to mid-1970s, Chihuahuas were bred to be smaller, with a preferred weight of just 2 to 4 pounds. The preference for smaller Chihuahuas resulted in a higher rate of moleras.

Because of their smaller, dome-shaped skull, apple-head Chihuahuas are more likely to develop and retain a molera than their deer-head counterpart. Teacup Chihuahuas are also more likely to have a molera because they too have smaller heads.

How to Check Your Chihuahua for a Molera

Unless the molera is unusually large, it’s hard to identify by visual observation alone. A veterinarian can perform an X-ray to see if your Chihuahua has a molera, and if so, how big it is. But you can also feel your Chihuahua’s skull for the presence of this cranial opening.

Follow the steps below to check your Chihuahua for a molera:

1. While seated, coax your Chihuahua onto your lap.
2. Place your index finger at the “stop” between your Chihuahua’s eyes and the top of his nose.
3. Gently run your index up your Chihuahua’s skull.
4. If your Chihuahua has a molera, you should feel a groove or indention where the skull hasn’t developed.
5. Take note of where the molera is located, because you’ll want to use caution to protect this area from blunt force trauma.

Chihuahua Breed Standards and Moleras

When the American Kennel Club (AKC) created the first Chihuahua standards in 1923, it required the breed to possess a molera. If a Chihuahua didn’t possess this cranial opening, he couldn’t compete in the show ring and was automatically disqualified from winning conformation awards. It wasn’t until several decades later when the AKC updated its breed standards, now giving no preference to this anatomical feature.

Here’s what the world’s leading canine organizations currently say about the Chihuahua’s molera in their breed standards:

• American Kennel Club (AKC): “A well rounded apple-dome skull, with or without molera.”
• United Kennel Club (UKC): “Disqualification: An open fontanel, a hole or gap in the center of the skull, referred to as a molero.“
• Canadian Kennel Club (CKC): “A well rounded apple-dome skull, with or without molera.”
• Fédération Cynologique Internationale (FCI): “Well rounded apple head. Disqualifying faults: Dogs with an open fontanel.“

To recap, the AKC and CKC Chihuahua breed standards give no preference to the molera, meaning you can compete Chis with or without a molera in conformation shows. The UKC and FCI, however, view this anatomical feature as a fault, meaning Chihuahuas are automatically disqualified if they possess a molera.

Why Do Chihuahuas Have Moleras?

Chihuahuas have moleras for the same reason human babies have fontanelles: It allows for easier passage of the head through the birth canal.

Because of the breed’s large head and small pelvis, female Chihuahuas often struggle to give birth. The molera, however, helps by allowing the pup’s head to temporarily flex and squeeze through the birth canal.

Will My Chihuahua’s Molera Close?

There’s no way of knowing when or even if your Chihuahua’s molera will close. Statistics show that moleras fully close in about half of all Chihuahuas born with this anatomical feature.

Normally, a pup’s skull gradually fuses together as he matures. However, it may take anywhere from three months to three years for the molera to fully close — or it may never close. If a Chihuahua’s molera doesn’t fully close, it will likely shrink in size as cartilage pushes the parietal and frontal skeletal plates together.

Is a Molera Harmful?

In the past, it was believed that dogs with a molera had a higher risk of developing hydrocephalus, a serious medical condition in which cerebral spinal fluid (CSF) accumulates in the brain. Instead of draining, fluid builds up and soaks the ventricles of the brain, causing the brain to swell. The increased pressure caused by hydrocephalus can lead to brain damage, seizure, coma or death.

A 1989 Greene Braund study titled “Diseases of the Brain,” however, found no association between moleras and hydrocephalus in toy breeds such as the Chihuahua. Researchers concluded that the presence of a molera does not increase the risk of hydrocephalus. 

Other breeders and experts refute these claims. Many Chihuahuas that suffer from hydrocephalus do, in fact, have a molera. But moleras are common in Chihuahuas, and not all Chihuahuas with this cranial opening suffer from hydrocephalus. More research is needed to conclusively determine whether moleras play a role in hydrocephalus.

A molera may or may not predispose your Chihuahua to hydrocephalus or other diseases, but you should still take precautions to protect your Chi’s head from injury. Without a fully developed skull, your Chihuahua may sustain brain injury from trauma to the head. Until it closes, follow the tips below to protect your Chi from injury.

Tips to Protect Your Chihuahua From Molera-Related Injury:

• Let your veterinarian know about your Chihuahua’s molera.
• Don’t allow your Chihuahua to jump on and off furniture (consider using pet stairs instead).
• Watch your feet to avoid accidentally kicking your Chihuahua in the head.
• Supervise your Chihuahua during playtime.
• If your Chihuahua is epileptic — for reasons not associated with the presence of a molera — hold him during seizure episodes to prevent injury.
• Use minimal pressure when petting your Chihuahua’s head.
• If your Chihuahua hits his head and begins acting unusual — lethargy, trouble breathing, agitation, seizure — take him to the vet immediately.

The presence of a molera isn’t something that Chihuahua owners should lose sleep over. It’s a completely normal anatomical feature that usually closes over time. Most Chihuahuas are born with a molera because it allows them to pass through the birth canal with greater ease. As newborn Chihuahuas age, this cranial gap will begin to close. Even if doesn’t fully close, there’s no evidence linking the molera to any adverse health condition.

Does your Chihuahua have a molera? Let us know in the comments section below!

References:

http://www.chihuahuaclubofamerica.org/images/purina-pdfs/Purina-Differences-Between-a-Molera-and-Hydrocephalus.pdf

https://www.vetary.com/dog/condition/molera

Whether you currently own a Chihuahua or are thinking of owning one, you’ve probably heard people refer to some of them as “teacups” or similar names. Typically, owners and breeders may refer to their ultra-small Chihuahuas using terms such as these. This can undoubtedly be confusing giving the fact that the American Kennel Club (AKC) only recognizes two varieties – the smooth and long-coat. So, what’s the deal with names like teacup? Keep reading and we’ll dive a little deeper into this subject, revealing the truth behind the teacup Chihuahua.

If you previously thought a teacup Chihuahua was a certain breed, you aren’t alone. There’s a growing misconception regarding this terminology that confuses most of the general public. Since the term is used so frequently and by so many people, it’s almost taken a life of its own, spreading like wildfire. As a result, people looking to add a new Chihuahua to their family may ask breeders or pet stores if they have any of the “teacup” breed. Instead of correcting them, the breeder will go along with the charade and try to complete a sale.

Confusing Names Used To Describe Chihuahuas

As a result of the poor information that’s been floating around, numerous improper names are being used to describe Chihuahuas. This may not seem like a big issue, but it creates an ethical grey area for breeders and sellers who know the truth about Chihuahuas. For instance, if a potential customer comes to a breeder asking them for a teacup Chihuahua, the breeder may respond by saying she has them, but only for a price greater than the non-teacups. Basically, terms such as these can be used to mark up the price on Chihuahuas; therefore, making it more profitable for the breeders.

Here are some of the most common unofficial names used to describe Chihuahuas:

• Teacup
• Toy (ALL Chihuahuas are considered a Toy breed)
• Tiny
• Mini
• Miniature
• Pocket-sized
• Micro

Teacup Chihuahuas – The Facts

While we don’t know who the first person was to describe a Chihuahua as a teacup, the term picked up popularity and spread throughout the early 90s. It’s important to note, however, that no major canine association has ever used the term to describe or otherwise categorize Chihuahuas. Either one or more owners likely referred to their unusually small Chihuahuas as teacups, thus starting the craze that’s still going on today. When people hear the word teacup, they immediately assume it’s a certain breed of Chihuahua, but unfortunately it’s just some term that many people use to describe them.

The only people who benefit from confusing terms like teacup, toy and micro are the Chihuahua breeders. Now don’t get me wrong – there are some breeders who will explain to the customer that teacups are just a term and not an officially recognized breed. Others, however, will use the public’s ignorance as a tool to sell their small Chihuahuas at a higher price. For instance, someone sees or hears about a tiny teacup Chihuahua through and friend, so they scan through the newspapers in search of one. Because teacup Chihuahuas aren’t an official breed, chances are they will have a hard time finding one. However, they may stumble upon a breeder offering them for a higher price than your typical Chihuahuas. The customer will likely agree to the price simply because they can’t find these teacup Chihuahuas elsewhere.

The term “teacup Chihuahua” has been used so much that’s almost become an unofficial way of referring to small Chihuahuas. When a breeder or pet shop refers to their Chihuahuas as teacups, they are either doing it to try and get more money for them, or they are just as confused about the terminology as everyone else. In any case, it’s the breeder’s responsibility to label their Chihuahuas correctly and not deceive their customers in any way, shape or form.

What You Should Know About Owning a Teacup Chihuahua

Because of the increased demand for so-called teacup Chihuahuas in recent years, breeders and pet shops are encouraged to try and breed their Chihuahuas to be as small as possible simply because they can make more money off them. The problem in doing so, however, is that small Chihuahuas are more susceptible to health problems such as hypoglycemia, diabetes, patellar luxation, heart disease, bone fractures, joint problems, etc. Does that mean you shouldn’t get a teacup Chihuahua? It’s really a personal choice that only you can make, but I would advise against purchasing one from breeders because of the fact that it encourages them to continue breeding them this size.

If you decide to own an unusually small Chihuahua, be sure you’re willing to invest your time, energy and money into keeping them healthy. This means you’ll have to take them to the vet for regular checkups to ensure nothing is seriously wrong, as well as treat any current conditions they are experiencing. It’s all too common for people to make the decision to own a small Chihuahua without realizing just how much extra work goes into caring for them.

Something else that you’ll need to be aware of with small Chihuahuas is that they are more likely to suffer from fractures and broken bones than normal-sized Chihuahuas. If you accidentally roll over on them in the bed, sit on them while they are laying on the couch (trust me, this happens) or even pick them up the wrong way, they may experience a bone fracture. Be extremely gentle and carefully around your new Chihuahua to prevent such catastrophes from happening. In addition, you’ll need to keep larger pet dogs and cats away from your Chihuahua, as they may accidentally cause injury to your Chihuahua as well.

Hopefully this article will give you a better understanding on what teacup Chihuahuas are and what goes into owning one. Personally, I think small Chihuahuas are just as loving, affectionate and fun as normal-sized ones. However, they do require a bit more care and maintenance, so take this into account if you are thinking of owning a new Chihuahua.

Video of Cooper The Teacup Chihuahua

Here’s a video I found on YouTube of an teacup Chihuahua named Cooper. This adorable black and white Chihuahua is full of spunk and ready to pounce at anything coming his way. Too cute!

References:

http://topics.info.com/Teacup-Chihuahua-Breeders_1859

Does your Chihuahua run away when you let them outside to play and use the bathroom? Some Chihuahuas instinctively sprint towards the neighbor’s home once the front door is opened, leaving owners to question the effectiveness of their training. If this sounds familiar, check out the 5 most common reasons why Chihuahuas run away — and how to stop it — listed below.

Not only is this type of running away behavior frustrating, but it’s also quite dangerous. There are dozens of ways a ‘free-roaming’ Chihuahua can injure themselves by venturing from their home, some of which include:

• Hit by a car
• Skirmishes with nearby dogs and cats
• Attacked by wild animals
• Getting into pesticides, antifreeze, oil or other hazardous chemicals
• Of course, there’s also a chance of your Chihuahua running away from home and not coming back, which is something no family wants to experience

As an owner, it’s your responsibility to protect your Chihuahua from dangers such as this. The first step in fixing this problem is to identify why exactly your Chihuahua feels the need to run away.

Reason #1) Looking For a Mate

If your Chihuahua isn’t spayed or neutered, they may run away in search of a mate. Unfixed females in heat release powerful pheromones that males can smell from over a mile away! And even if your Chihuahua is obedient and well trained, mother nature’s “mating magnet‘ will instinctively cause them to run away.

It’s obviously easier to identify a female searching for a mate, as their genitals will become swollen and bleed for roughly 21 days. Males, on the other hand, will run away anytime there’s a female in heat around; therefore, owners of male Chihuahuas need to use extra caution when taking them outside.

You can read our previous post about the benefits of having your Chihuahua spayed or neutered, but the bottom line is that all Chihuahuas — unless otherwise stated by your veterinarian — should be fixed to reduce the chance of them running away. By spaying or neutering your Chihuahua, they’ll no longer produce the hormones responsible for finding a mate.

Reason #2) Boredom

Another reason why Chihuahuas run away is because they are bored. It’s a common assumption by first-time owners that Chihuahuas don’t require the same amount of outdoor playtime as other breeds due to their small size. Rather than taking them out on a regular basis, some owners leave their Chihuahuas cooped up inside for long periods of time, resulting in boredom and pent-up energy.

Chihuahuas suffering from boredom and/or pent-up energy are more likely to run away when given the chance. Owners must realize that Chihuahuas — like all dogs — are complex animals that crave mental and physical stimulation. Just because they are small doesn’t mean you can leave them locked up inside the house all day long.

Whether it’s going for a walk, playing fetch or just laying out under the sun (Chihuahuas LOVE sunning), take your Chihuahua outside on a regular basis to reduce the chance of them running away.

Reason #3) Lack of Obedience

It’s downright frustrating when you call your Chihuahua to come back only to have them run off in the opposite direction. If this sounds like a familiar scenario, you aren’t alone. Lack of obedience is an all-too-common problem, making it difficult for walks and playtime outside.

When a Chihuahua doesn’t view you as the ‘leader of the pack,’ they’ll be more willing to run away while they are outside. And to make matters worse, a disobedient Chihuahua won’t come back when you call their name. You can yell until your lungs go dry only to have your Chihuahua take off down the street or into the neighbor’s yard.

So, how do you fix this frustrating problem? The first step is to only let your Chihuahua outside when they are attached to a collar and leash (or lead). Now when you are walking and playing with your Chihuahua outside, teach them a recall command such as “come here boy,” or “back Amos.” Give them plenty of slack on their leash and speak the recall command when you are ready to go inside. If they obey your command, give them plenty of affection, praise and of course a treat.

Reason #4) Mistreatment

A fourth reason why Chihuahuas run away is because they are being mistreated by their owner at home. In a perfect world, each and every Chihuahua would receive the unconditional love and attention they deserve, but this world is far from perfect. Some owners hit, slap and otherwise physically abuse their Chihuahuas, which naturally encourages them to run away when given the chance. You can’t expect a Chihuahua to listen and obey their owner if they are being abused.

Note: mistreatment isn’t limited strictly to physical abuse. Neglecting your Chihuahua and their need for attention is another form of abuse which may contribute to their running away problem.

Reason #5) Seeking Companionship

When they aren’t getting it at home, Chihuahuas may run away to seek companionship from other dogs or people. This reason goes hand-in-hand with mistreatment, as neglecting your Chihuahua and avoiding them on for days on hand will only encourage them to run off. Give your Chihuahua attention and companionship so they want to stay at home.

Tips For Preventing Your Chihuahua From Running Away

• Have them spayed or neutered.
• Teach them a ‘recall’ command, such as “come here Amos!”
• Use treats as a reward when your Chihuahua successfully obeys your recall command.
• Never punish or scold your Chihuahua for running away, as this type of negativity will only encourage this unwanted behavior.
• Walk your Chihuahua on an extended lead or retractable leash until they obey your recall command.
• Show your Chihuahua affection and love on a daily basis.

References:

https://www.cesarsway.com/dog-care/routine-care/how-to-keep-your-dog-from-becoming-a-holiday-runaway

Vaccines greatly reduce the risk of many common and potentially fatal infectious diseases in Chihuahuas. Whether it’s a dog park, pet store, veterinary office, grooming salon, or even your own backyard, disease-causing germs are lurking everywhere. If your Chihuahua hasn’t been vaccinated or kept up to date on his vaccines, he could catch rabies, canine parvovirus, distemper, canine adenovirus, or other serious viral and bacterial infections.

Owners must know what vaccines their Chihuahua needs and when. If your Chihuahua has a low risk of infection for a “non-core” disease, vaccination isn’t necessary. Like pharmaceutical drugs, vaccines carry their own risk of adverse side effects (we’ll get to that later). Nonetheless, veterinarians agree that healthy dogs, particularly puppies, should be vaccinated for several common viral and bacterial diseases. Follow the schedule and advice below to keep your canine companion healthy and disease-free.

How Vaccines Work

While no vaccine is 100% effective, vaccination is the single most important form of preventative medicine for dogs. Once administered, it triggers a response by your Chihuahua’s immune system, reducing the risk of future infection from the viral and/or bacterial strains for which it was developed. Some vaccines protect against a single disease, while others protect against multiple diseases (known as a combination vaccine).

When scientists create vaccines, they kill or chemically alter the original pathogen so it no longer causes illness. This is a methodical process, as the virus or bacteria must still contain its original protein molecules (antigens) to trigger a response by the dog’s immune system. If the pathogen is too strong, the vaccine could cause the disease rather than prevent it. If it’s too weak, it won’t offer adequate protection.

Core vs Non-Core Vaccines

Canine vaccines fall under one of two categories: core and non-core. Core vaccines are generally recommended to all dogs because they are highly effective at preventing many common and potentially life-threatening viral and bacterial diseases. 

Non-core vaccines are optional, depending on your Chihuahua’s risk of infection. Factors such as geographic location, overall health, contact with other animals, and expected travel to other regions will affect your Chihuahua’s risk of infection. If your Chihuahua has a high risk for a non-core disease, your veterinarian may recommend vaccination. If he has a low risk for a non-core disease, vaccination typically isn’t necessary.

In 2017, the American Animal Hospital Association (AAHA) revised its list of core and non-core canine vaccines. Core vaccines now consist of the following:

• Canine parvovirus
• Canine distemper virus
• Canine adenovirus type 2 (cross-protects against both adenovirus type 1 and type 2)
• Rabies

Non-core vaccines include the following:

• Leptospirosis
• Parainfluenza (kennel cough)
• Bordetella bronchiseptica (kennel cough)
• Lyme disease
• Canine Influenza Virus (CIV)

Why Puppies Need Multiple Vaccinations

Puppies are more susceptible to infectious diseases than adult dogs because their immune systems have not yet fully developed. When nursing, they receive disease-fighting antibodies from their mother’s milk. But this protection is only temporary, with the puppy’s immune system weakening as he transitions from milk to dog food. Vaccination offers protection during this sensitive time by significantly reducing the risk of common viral and bacterial infections.

While there’s no one-size-fits-all vaccine schedule, you can refer to the following chart for a typical Chihuahua’s vaccination needs.

Chihuahua Vaccine Schedule

Most states legally require all domesticated dogs and cats (and sometimes ferrets) to be vaccinated for rabies. In New Mexico, for instance, owners must vaccinate all dogs and cats at 3 months for rabies, following up with a booster shot within 1 year of the first vaccination and subsequent boosters every 1 to 3 years, depending on the vaccine used. In Iowa, all dogs must be vaccinated for rabies at 6 months, with follow-up booster shots according to the Compendium of Animal Rabies Prevention and Control. You’ll also notice that many states require rabies vaccines to be administered by a licensed veterinarian, whereas other vaccines can be administered by the owner.

For a complete list of rabies vaccination laws by state, check out the AMVA’s rabies guide.

There’s a good reason for the legal requirements surrounding rabies vaccines. Spread through the saliva of an infected host, rabies is nearly 100% fatal in dogs and can also be transmitted to humans. Therefore, vaccination not only protects our canine companions; it also protects us from the virus.

What About Coronavirus and Leptospirosis Vaccines?

The AAHA Canine Vaccination Task Force no longer recommends the canine coronavirus vaccine, citing two specific reasons:

1. The vaccine offers limited-to-no protection from the coronavirus.
2. The coronavirus is a relatively mild disease, with many infected dogs showing no symptoms at all.

It’s also worth noting that only puppies under 6 weeks of age show symptoms of the coronavirus disease, meaning there’s no benefit in having an older dog vaccinated.

Owners should also think twice before having their Chihuahuas vaccinated for leptospirosis. Caused by the bacterial pathogen Leptospira, leptospirosis is transmitted to dogs (and people) by direct contact with contaminated urine, water or soil. It attacks the kidneys, causing inflammation and organ failure.

Current leptospirosis vaccines don’t protect against all 200+ versions of the pathogen. For the few versions that it does protect against, the vaccine has a 50 to 75% effectiveness rate for about one year. The World Small Animal Veterinary Association (WSAVA) even says it’s the least likely vaccine to provide adequate protection. Furthermore, toy breeds like the Chihuahua have the greatest risk of a severe reaction from the leptospirosis vaccine, including anaphylactic shock.

If you’re concerned about either the coronavirus or leptospirosis, talk with your veterinarian to discuss the effectiveness of vaccination and its associated risks.

Vaccine Risks and Side Effects: What Chihuahua Owners Should Know

While effective at reducing the risk of disease, vaccines don’t come without their own risks and side effects. Most of these side effects are mild, appearing within a few hours of vaccination and going away within 1 to 2 days. If your Chihuahua experiences any of the side effects listed below for longer than two days, contact your veterinarian.

Mild side effects include:

• Redness and swelling at the site of injection
• Mild fever
• Loss of appetite
• Low energy
• Runny nose
• Sneezing
• Local soreness

Mild side effects can typically be treated at home using the antihistamine diphenhydramine (Benedryl). Dosage varies depending on the Chihuahua’s weight, but a rule of thumb is to administer 1 mg diphenhydramine for every 1 pound of your dog’s body weight. If your Chihuahua weighs 6 pounds, give him 6 mg of diphenhydramine to relieve mild reactions.

There are also more severe side effects associated with vaccines, any of which should prompt immediate veterinary care.

Moderate-to-severe side effects include:

• Anaphylactic shock
• Persistent vomiting
• Persistent diarrhea
• Trouble breathing
• Seizures
• Hives
• Severe itching
• Swelling around the neck or face

Chihuahuas Have a High Risk of Reaction to Vaccines

According to a report by Chihuahua Club of America, Chihuahuas and other toy breeds — Pugs, Boston Terriers, Dachshunds and Miniature Pinschers — have a higher risk of adverse reaction to canine vaccines than medium and large breeds. After analyzing the vaccine records of 1.25 million dogs, epidemiologists at Purdue University found the risk of vaccine-associated adverse events (VAEE) decreased as a dog’s weight increased. George Moore, DVM, Ph.D., Director of Clinical Trials and Professor of Epidemiology at Purdue, explained by saying “Dogs weighing 22 to 99 pounds had about half the reaction risk as dogs weighing 22 pounds or less.”

Researchers also found that for every additional vaccine a dog received during the same visit, the risk of VAEE increased by 25%. This is another reason why owners should avoid combination vaccines containing leptospirosis and coronavirus, especially if their dog isn’t at risk for these diseases. A combination vaccine for the core diseases plus leptospirosis and coronavirus is 50% more likely to trigger an adverse reaction than a combination vaccine for only the core diseases, according to the study.

These findings were also reflected in the 2011 AAHA Vaccination Guidelines, which now recommends non-core vaccines be administered two or more weeks after core vaccines in toy breeds.

To reduce the risk of adverse side effects, let your veterinarian know if your Chihuahua is currently taking any medication before vaccination. You can also wait 30 to 60 minutes before leaving the office, so if a reaction does occur, the veterinarian can provide immediate treatment.

Because the risk of adverse reaction is higher in toy breeds, many Chihuahua owners use titer tests as an alternative to mass vaccination. Titer tests don’t protect against infectious diseases. Rather, they reveal the strength of the dog’s natural immunity toward a specific viral or bacterial disease by measuring levels of antibodies in the blood. If your Chihuahua has a high titer count for leptospirosis, it’s unlikely he will catch the disease, even when exposed to the Leptospira pathogen. Therefore, vaccination for leptospirosis offers little-to-no benefit.

Titer tests are available for most common canine diseases, but they should not be used as a substitute for the rabies vaccine. Due to the disease’s high rate of mortality (100%) and legal implications, all Chihuahuas should receive the rabies vaccine as per state law.

References:

https://www.petcoach.co/article/how-vaccines-work/

https://healthtopics.vetmed.ucdavis.edu/health-topics/feline/vaccination-guidelines-dogs-and-cats

https://www.avma.org/public/PetCare/Pages/vaccinations.aspx

Canine microchipping has become more and more popular in recent years with roughly 10 million dogs receiving the implant. If you own a Chihuahua, chances are you’ve at least considered microchipping them before. However, any smart and caring owner should weigh the advantages and disadvantages associated with this procedure before jumping into it. The fact is that there is a lot of bad information out there regarding canine microchipping, and as a result, some owners may make the wrong decision.

The grim truth is that over 1 million dog stray dogs are picked up by animal shelters throughout the U.S. each year. Of those million-plus dogs, only 10-15% are ever returned to their original owner. The rest are either sent to no-kill rescues, adopted out to willing owners, or they’re euthanized. No one likes to think about their Chihuahua running off and getting picked up by the pound, but it’s a situation that happens more frequently than you may realize. Thankfully, however, microchipping could offer a solution to set your mind at ease; here’s how it works:

Overview Canine Microchipping

Microchipped Chihuahua Sunning

Canine microchipping is a simple procedure in which a small rice-sized microchip is implanted directly underneath the dog’s skin. Contrary to popular belief, most traditional microchips do NOT actually track your dog’s location via GPS or any other type of locational service. Instead, the microchip contains specific information regarding who the dog’s name, health conditions, breed and most importantly, their owner’s phone number and address. Let’s hope this never happens, but if your Chihuahua is microchipped and runs away, a pound or shelter can run a remote scanning device over their body to locate the chip and the information it contains.

Typically, in order for most microchips to function as they should, the owner will need to register their dog’s information with the veterinarian performing the procedure. If they don’t or if they give incorrect information, scanning the chip might not reveal anything; therefore, it would then make it useless. If you plan on getting your Chihuahua microchipped, talk to your veterinarian to find out what you need to do to register their information.

How Are Chihuahuas Microchipped?

On the surface, the thought of having a microchip implanted into a small Chihuahua’s body might sound like an invasive and downright painful process. After all, the procedure involves placing a foreign object under their skin, so most people would assume that it’s painful. The fact is, however, that microchipping is a simple procedure that takes less than a minute. The Chihuahua is placed in a comfortable position and a gun-like device shoots the microchip directly underneath their skin. As long as it’s done right, most Chihuahuas won’t even flinch during the procedure.

Advantages of Microchipping Your Chihuahua

• Allows shelters, pounds and animal control officers to contact you in the event your Chihuahua is lost or runs away.
• Notifies those who find your Chihuahua of any important health conditions.
• Contains medical history, vaccination records and a list of any current medication your Chihuahua is taking.
• Inexpensive procedure that usually costs between $20-$50 bucks.
• Never needs to be replaced or repaired.
• Doesn’t hurt or harm your Chihuahua.

Disadvantages of Microchipping Your Chihuahua

• Some shelters may not have the scanning tools necessary to read microchips.
• Some owners may forget to register their Chihuahua’s information in the database.
• Although it’s extremely rare, there have been a few known cases of the microchip moving underneath the dog’s skin. This doesn’t hurt the dog, but it can make it more difficult for shelters to locate.

How Do I Microchip My Chihuahua?

There are several different methods which allow you to have your Chihuahua microchipped. If you’re looking for an inexpensive, safe and effective way to microchip your Chihuahua, you can call up some of the veterinarian offices around your area to ask if they perform the procedure. Most veterinarians will do it for a relatively low fee, and it’s nice to know that the procedure is being done by a professional. There are also mobile vans that travel the country to perform canine microchipping. The problem is that it’s oftentimes difficult to find out when they come through your town. The best thing to do is ask some of the pet stores around your area if they know of any microchipping vans coming through.

Another option you have for microchipping your Chihuahua is to purchase a do-it-yourself kit from the American Kennel Club (AKC). These kits are simple and easy to use, but some owners may be afraid of hurting their Chihuahua. For this reason, it’s best to leave this procedure up to a professional, especially considering how inexpensive it is.

Video: Puppy Getting Microchipped

References:

Petfinder.com Microchip FAQ